Units 1 & 2, LSN Government Vocabulary Review

Anti-Federalists Opposed to the creation of the constitution Federalists Favored the creation of the constitution US Constitution The framework and rules of the current US government Articles of Confederation The United States of America's first government...very weak and ineffective! amendments changes to the constitution that require both the consent of Congress (national government) and state legislatures Marbury v. Madison Court case that established the principle of Judicial Review Judicial Review Constitutional Principle: judicial branch (courts) decide if govt. acts violate constitution Checks & Balances Constitutional Principle: each branch has powers over the other 2 branches--Creates Balanced Branches Separation of Powers Constitutional Principle: govt. power is divided between legislative,executive, & judicial branches Rule of Law Constitutional Principle: laws apply to all people Federalism Constitutional Principle: power is divided and shared between national (central), state, local govts. Popular Sovereignty Constitutional Principle: People are the source of government power opportunity cost - what you could be doing/spending money on, but you chose not to do - What is the opportunity cost of studying? mixed-market economy -a blend of economies (market & command economies) -People have economic choices, but the government can regulate these choices! market economy buyers and sellers make economic decisions--NO Government regulation exists! command economy government makes ALL economic decisions traditional economy economic decisions are based on habit, tradition, or custom Parliamentary Democracy Part 1. People elect a country's legislative branch. Part 2. The Legislative branch elects the leader (executive/president/prime minister) of country Presidential Democracy Citizens vote in separate elections to choose their Legislative branch & their Executive branch - Separation of Powers exists Representative Democracy people select representatives to decide the issues Direct Democracy all citizens decide on individual issues Example: referendums Unitary Government Most of the power belongs to national government—states have little power Confederacy Government states retain most power, while a weak national government exists Monarchy Single leader than inherits power Dictatorship Single leader that gets power after struggle Oligarchy small group rules country Totalitarian government has total control of people’s lives