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Cards In This Set
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Refers to a state resulting from chronic use of a drug that has produced tolerance and where negative physical symptoms[1] of withdrawal result from abrupt discontinuation or dosage reduction.
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Dependence on a psychoactive substance for the reinforcement it provides.
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Any substance, other than food, that affects bodily
functions and structures when taken into the body.
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Drug
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The use of a drug for a purpose or practice other than that for which it was intended. |
Drug Misuse
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The excessive use of a drug in a manner inconsistent with accepted medical practice. |
Drug Abuse
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GATEWAY DRUGS
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Substances that may “open the door” to other drug use/abuse.(habits)–usually stronger/more addictive
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GATEWAY DRUGS
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When a subject's reaction to a specific drug and concentration of the drug is progressively reduced, requiring an increase in concentration to achieve the desired effect
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Cross-Tolerance
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Refers to a pharmacological phenomenon, in which a patient being treated with a drug exhibits a physiological resistance to that medication as a result of tolerance to a pharmacologically similar drug. In other words, there is a decrease in response to one drug due to exposure to another drug. It is observed in treatment with antivirals, antibiotics, analgesics and many other medications.
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Withdrawal Illness
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Abnormal physical or psychological features that follow the abrupt discontinuation of a drug that has the capability of producing physical dependence. Common withdrawal symptoms include sweating, tremor, vomiting, anxiety, insomnia, and muscle pain.
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Additive effect
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Is the term used when two or more drugs are taken at the same time and the action of one plus the action of the other results in an action as if just one drug had been given. This could be represented by 1+1= 2. An example would be a barbiturate and a tranquilizer given together before surgery to relax the patient.
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Synergism
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Is similar to potentiation. If two drugs are taken together that are similar in action, such as barbiturates and alcohol, which are both depressants, an effect exaggerated out of proportion to that of each drug taken separately at the given dose may occur. This could be expressed by 1+1= 5. An example might be a person taking a dose of alcohol and a dose of a barbiturate. Normally, taken alone, neither substance would cause serious harm, but if taken together, the combination could cause coma or death.
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