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Cards In This Set
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Prophages can also alter the phenotype of bacteria at the population level by facilitating the spread of favorable genes through
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Transduction
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Insertion of lambda at (att-lambda)
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Between gal and bio genes one E. coli chromosome
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Phage lambda
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Is linear but circularizes after infection pairing between cos sequences at the ends
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Int protein (integrase)
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Promotes recombination between the attP site on the phage and the attB site on E. coli
P=PB=BCreates hybrids attL and attR |
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Hsp70
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General chaperone family
-Heat shock protein (refolds proteins after heatshock)
-and normal conditions
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Trigger factor
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Only in bacteria- can substitute for Hsp70
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Chaperonins
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Large structure
exist in all life
composed of two large hollow cylinders
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Cochaperonin
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Cap for chaperonin
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Translocation
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Secreted proteins (pass completely out of the cell)
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Copy Number
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Amount of gene product in a cell
dependence:strength of promoter and translational initiation regions on mRNA
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Polycistronic mRNA
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Codes for more than one protein.
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Regulation of Gene expression usually occurs at
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Transcription (transcriptional region)
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Transcriptional Regulation
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Gene expression is regulated by controlling the amount of mRNA made
-would be wasteful to make mRNA for it to be blocked later on...
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Consitutive genes
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Expression is continuous
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Inducer molecule
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Can remove repression in negative regulation
Lactose is one
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