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Cards In This Set
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Huang He River
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Northernmost of China’s rivers, site of earliest Chinese civilization
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Loess
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Yellow-brown soil that is carried in the Huang He river. When the Huang He river floods it deposits this nutrient rich soil on the banks of the river that is perfect for growing crops.
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Physical Barriers
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Geographic barriers such as the mountains and seas cut China off from other lands. As a result, the Chinese knew only of the nomadic peoples to the north and west of them.
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The Middle Kingdom
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China was so isolated that they didn’t know of other major civilizations and viewed China at the center of the world
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China's Sorrow
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Refers to the unpredictable and dangerous Huang He river. Not only does it supply life, but takes it away when it floods by drowning thousands of people.
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Shang Dynasty
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(1750 b.c – 1000 b.c.) 1st Dynasty, spread south from Huang He to Yangtze river, used wheeled chariots & bronze weapons, believed in ancestor worship, introduced writing with symbols/pictures, developed silk farming (sericulture)
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Zhou Dynasty
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(1000 b.c. – 300 b.c.) 2nd Dynasty. Organized on social class & land ownership, rich period, agricultural revolution, irrigation, cast iron, coins, education grew, fell w/ civil wars
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Qin Dynasty
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(221 b.c. – 202 b.c.) – 3rd Dynasty. Authoritarian government, high taxes, harsh punishments, burned books, terra cotta soldiers, Great Wall
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Han Dynasty
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(202 b.c. – 220 a.d.) 4th Dynasty. Peace & prosperity, built roads & canals, Silk Road, complex government, education important, ended by warlords
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Mandate of Heaven
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Divine approval for the king to rule – must be kind and truthful (good leader with duty to the people)
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Emperor
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Shi Huangdi’s original name was Zheng Juhng. Shi Huangdi means ‘Frist Emperor.” He was the “First Emperor” during the Qin (cheen) Dynasty.
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Ancestor Worship
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Belief that ancestors could bring good fortune – bury dead with gifts for next world – show respect to ancestors – sought advice through oracle bones (Shang)
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Civil Service
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People employed in government administration.
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Oracle Bones
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Symbols were scratched on turtle shells or animal bones and arranged to form questions. When an oracle bone was touched by a hot metal poker, it cracked. The way the crack developed was read as an ancestors answer.
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Confucius
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Believe in order, ritual and working hard for good government - teaching focused on good behavior and having harmony in relationships
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