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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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1. allows delivery of the __ __ of gases to the patient2. modern machines incorporate what 4 things?
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1. precise mixture2. ventilatorsvaporizersmonitorssuction device
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Errors in Anesthetic Mgmt1. % caused by human error2. of these, 50% are d/t what?3. breathing circuit involved in __%- vaporizers?- ventilators?4. 30% of cardiac deaths in the OR are caused by what?5. what % of errors are caused by equipment failure?-- these can be reduced by what 3 things?
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1. 70-80%2. errors in airway mgmt3. 39%- 21%- 17%4. hypoxia5. 2-5%- manufacturer- equipment check-out procedure- operator
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1. 2 leading manufacturers in the US2. 3 ventilators currently in production3. anesthesia machine standards that are used today-- they specify what is needed for an ___ ___
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1. GE Medical (formerly Datex-Ohmeda and Ohio Medical)North American Drager (Drager Medical Inc)2. System/ 5Aestiva (Aestiva/ 5 MRI)Aespire3. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) F 1850-00 - established in 2000 and reap proved in 2005-- anesthesia workstation
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1. ASTM 1850 requires that machines measure what 9 things?
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1. BP- ECG- pulse ox- O2 concentration- O2 pressure- breathing system pressure- CO2 concentration- anesthetic vapor concentration- TV = exhaled
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1. high priority alarms may not be silenced longer than what?2. medium and low priority can be turned off but not by ___3. alarms/ monitors may be automatically enabled by doing what?-- manually enabled by?4. battery requirements
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1. 120sec2. students3. turning on the anesthesia machine- following a checklist4. battery backup for 30min
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1. high priority pressure alarm must sound in which 3 situations?2. disconnect alarms may be based on what 3 things?3. most common disconnect?
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1. - user-adjustable limits are exceeded- continuing high pressure is sensed- negative pressure2. low pressure- exhaled volume- CO23. ET tube from breathing circuit (from CO2 changes)
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1. pressure in the breathing circuit is limited to what?2. O2 cylinder requirements?3. ___ oxygen monitor = with a __ __ alarm within ___ of O2 falling below 18% or limit set by user4. O2 supply failure alarm-- manufacturer set at ___-- __ __ alarm within ___5. what safety mechanism is in place to prevent less than 21% O2 when N2O is used?
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1. 125cmH2O2. 1 O2 cylinder3. inspired (FiO2)/ high priority/ 30sec4. 30psig- medium priority/ 5 sec5. hypoxic guard
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O2 Flush Valve1. flow capabilites?2. does not proceed thru any ___3. always ___4. may generate high ___
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1. 35-75L/min2. vaporizers3. active4. pressures
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1. anesthesia machines should not be considered obsolete simply b/c ___ but because of what 3 possibilities?2. 3 obsolete criteria
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1. age- changes in anesthesia practice- changes in training/ experience- changes in safety developments2. - lack of essential safety factors (ex no O2 pressure alarm)- presence of unacceptable features (measure flow vaporizers)- adequate maintenance/ parts no longer available
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1. Pressure systems divided in what 3 categories?2. High Pressure Systema. receives gas at __ pressureb. 2 componentsc. O2 pressure ranged. N2O pressure range
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1. high, intermediate and low2a. cylinderb. cylinder and cylinders' primary pressure regulatorsc. 2200psig to 45psigd. 750psig to 45 psig
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Intermediate Pressure System1. receives gases at which pressure range?2. begins where?3. includes what?4. extends to what?5. 2nd stage pressure regulators reduce pressure to what?
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1. 37-55psig2. at the regulated cylinder supply sources at 45psig3. pipeline sources at 50-55psig4. flow control valves5. 14-26psig
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Low Pressure System1. extends from what to what?2. includes what 4 things?
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1. from flow control valves to common gas outlet2. - FM tubes- vaporizers- flow control valves- one way check valves (when present)
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Flow/ Fct of Anesthesia Machine1. over ___ parts2. 3 differences among various machines?3. FM differences?4. O2 and N2O - cylinders and pipeline r 2 primary sourcesa. cylinder pressure regulated to ___b. pipeline primary source at ___
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1. 7002. - physical appearance- physical placement of parts- diff approaches to safety systems3. visual vs. digital4a. 45psigb. 50psig
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1. "fail safe device"- location- fct2. GE machines have 2nd stage regulator- location - function?
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1. down-stream of N2O supply- interface btw N2O and O2 supply; shuts off or decreases N2O and other gases if O2 pressure decreases2. downstream of O2 source in intermediate press circuit-- supplies constant pressure (usually 14psig) to O2 flow control valve
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1. Some GE machines have one-way check valve- location?- function?2. primary gas source for anesthesia machine?3. most common and 2nd most common problem r/t this?4. cross-over of gas piping can cause what?- solution?
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1. - low pressure circuit- to prevent intermittent back pressure into vaporizer during mechanical ventilation2. pipeline supply source3. 1st = inadequate pressure2nd = excessive pressure4. hazardous hypoxic mixture of gas- if suspected, turn on O2 cylinder and disconnect pipeline sources
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