ASVAB Chemistry

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Element
A substance that cannot be separated into different substances by ordinary chemical methods. All elements are listed on Periodic Table.
Atom
The smallest component of an element that still retains the properties of the element.
Proton
Particle found in an atom's nucleus that carries a positive charge.
Neutron
Particle found in an atom's nucleus that is neutral, carries no charge.
Electron
A particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom, has a negative charge. Same number as protons...usually.
Molecule
The smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist in the free state and still retain the characteristics of the element or compound.
Periodic Table
Arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
Rows = periods.
Columns = groups. Same number of electrons in outer shell.