Attitudes

1-learned, psych states2-not purely affect, but contain affect/emotional aspects3-influence our thoughts and behaviors (evaluative)3-differ in valence (+/-) and strength

The stronger the attitude... -morelikely to influence/guide/predict behavior-more persistent/enduring over time -more resistant to change-more functions it fulfills for us-more it influences perception and processing of info-more likely we are to act consistently w/ it

Values: aka ideals, guiding principles, overarching goals.... these are broader and underly attitudes ex//equality Beliefs: cognitive, our cognition and interpretation of the world

Influence worldview, self-perception, others around us how we think/act/feel/live day to day ....how we perceive reality and derive meaning from chaos

Were seen as an affective orientation towards an attitude object along a single continuum... favorability/unfavorabilityex//likert scale my attitude to cartier is....

Attitude=sum each belief x each evaluation attitude a combination of belief/expectations of an attitude object AND feelings/evaluations of these beliefs -adds the cognitive factor to emotional evaluation

Good and bad potential: attitudes about objects to which we have simultaneously + and - evaluations.... not always apparent but can be seen when we list cog/affect/behaviors individually felt: a feeling of tension consciously experienced when thinking about an attitude object... confusion, indecision, mixed feelings

Not good or bad

Unequalnegative bias: in general, neg stimuli/experiences are more attention getting/memorable than neutral/pos experiencesex//people react more strongly to loss than gain emotionallyremember neg images more than pos why?evolutionary... avoid the bad/dangerous more imp than approaching something good/tasty.... more difficult to overcome danger than pursue reward

Positive offset: generally interpret neutral situations as mildly pos... most people rate their lives as somewhat pos most of thet timeno clear threat? things seem ok or pretty good evolution: pos emotionality associated w/ activation of approach motivational system vs avoidance and BAS vs BIS... go explore... B&B

Adds behavioral factor past behavior...attitude reflects endency to behave a certain way around a certain attitude object

Affect, cognition, behavior related, not redundant and not completely tied to one another

-attitude objects as nodes in associative network-attitude summative association between object and its evaluation-attitude object associated with beliefs-BELIEFS THEMSELVES ASSOCIATED ITH EVALUATIONS (GOOD/BAD, POS/NEG)the more frequently links are activated, the stronger the attitude becomes/is network doesnt activate same way each time, attitude toward object changes every time we think of it field going in this direction... but no modelis wrong, diff operationalizations-some more appropirate given situation, sometimes simple is better

Object appraisal: they summarize the + and - attributes of attitude objects in our environment-help us make quick auto sense of environment-shortcuts can lead to mistakes... outdated, not whole picture, caught up in perceptual and behavioural patterns/haits helpful and sensible in most situations, need to be aware of potential negative effects

Motivated to have stable, useful, meaningful and organized frameworks with which to navigate the world -attitudes organize info about AOs, and help exlain events/situations -make sense of incoming stimuli