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Cards In This Set
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What were the 2 initial assumptions about how inheritance worked and which one turned out to be supported by experimental evidence?
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1. Each parent contributes equally to offspring (supported)2. Hereditary determinants blend in offspring; Once heritable elements were combined, they could not be separated again (refuted by Gregor Mendel)
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What plant did Mendel use to perform his experiments on inheritance on?
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The garden pea
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A ___ is an observable physical feature (flower color)
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Character
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A ___ is a particular form of a character (purple flowers or white flowers)
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Trait
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A ___ is passed from parent to offspring
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Heritable trait
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___ is a genetic cross in which the same result occurs every time with respect to the trait(s) under consideration, due to ___.
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True-breeding; homozygous parents
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In Mendel's experiment, the plants providing and receiving the pollen were the ___ (__). The seeds and the resulting new plants constituted the ___ (__). These plants were allowed o self-pollinate and produce a ____ (__).
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Parental generation(P); first filial generation(F1); second filial generation(F2)
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The term ___ refers to the offspring of crosses between organisms different in one or more traits
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Hybrid
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When Mendel performed his first experiment, he crossed 2 P lineages differing in just one trait, producing ___ in the F1 generation
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Monohybrids
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What is a reciprocal cross?
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The parental source of each trait is reversed
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An allele that determines the phenotype is the ___, and the allele that does not determine phenotype in the presence of a dominant allele is ___
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Dominant; recessive
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Mendel's ___ showed that inheritance cannot be the result of a blending phenomenon
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Monohybrid cross experiments
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2 copies of each heritable unit in an organism
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Diploid
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Single set of heritable units
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Haploid
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While each ___ contains one unit, the resulting ___ contains two, because it is produced by the fusion of 2 ___.
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Gamete; zygote; gametes
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