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Related Flashcards
Related Topics
Cards In This Set
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What is Biodiversity?
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Number, variety, and variation among living organisms.
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Ecological Measures of Diversity (3 bullets)
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*Incorporate abundance and richness
*Comparison among sites *Evaluation of environmental impact |
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Genetic Diversity (4 bullets)
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*Variation within populations
*Variation within species. Ex) Cheetahs have little genetic variation. Lions sent to other zoos for mating purposes to improve the gene pool. *"Raw material" for natural selection. *Concern of conservation biology. |
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Species (Taxonomic) Diversity (3 bullets)
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*Different kinds of organisms.
*Higher taxonomic levels. *Discerning phylogenetic relationships. |
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Global Biodiversity (4 bullets/explanations)
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*Only a small portion of biodiversity is described. Detailed biological knowledge based on even fewer organisms (e. g. Lab mice, Drosophila)
*We live in the "Age of Bacteria"!! *Vertebrates and other "megafauna" make up small portion of biodiversity. *Most animals are arthropods: Insects (nearly 50% of all species!), Relationship with plants (Ex. Grasshoppers, spiders, dung beetles). |
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Organisms Live Virtually Everywhere (2 bullets/explanations)
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*Biosphere (zone of life) is extensive; Habitat diversity; Symbiotic associations (organisms as habitat).
*Many groups vastly understudied: Bacteria, Fungus, Nematodes (worms), Arthropods (jointed foot). Unknown biodiversity, unknown biology, untapped resources? |
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Origin of the Earth
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4.5 billion years ago.
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Major Events (listed, no dates, 8 items)
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*Origin of life
*Oldest fossils *Photosynthesis *Eukaryotic cells *Multicellular life *Diversification of life *Invasion of land *Origin of humans |
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Reconstructing Earth's History: History Recorded in the Rocks (3 bullets/explanations)
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*Correlation of rock layers: Fossils, Geologic Events, Paleoenvironments.
*Relative and absolute dating. *Evidence of plate tectonics: Movement of continents. |
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Fossil Record (3 bullets)
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*Sedimentary rocks.
*Biases and wonderments. *Regular and predicatable occurrence of life forms. |
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Conditions of Early Earth (4 bullets)
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*Volcanic activity.
*Meteroite impact. *No available oxygen (O2). *Ultraviolet (UV) radiation. |
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Origin of Life
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3.8 billion years ago
*Life from nonlife, Chemical evidence, Details under investigation. |
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Earliest Fossils
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3.5 billion years ago
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Evolution of Photosynthesis (date and 4 bullets)
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2.5 billion years ago.
*Capture sunlight to fuel metabolism. *Production of atmospheric oxygen. *Oxygen was a toxin to most organisms. *Photosynthetic organisms much like modern-day Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). |
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Evolution of Eukaryotic Cells (date and 5 bullets)
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1.5 billion years ago.
*Membrane bound nucleus with chromosomes. *Membrane enclosed organelles. *Increasing specialization. *Larger cells. *Aerobic metabolism (2-3% of current O2 levels): Yields more energy, more efficient, allows organisms to get larger. |
