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Cards In This Set
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What is the The Transforming Principle that was disscovered by Frederick Griffith in 1928?
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The Transforming prinicple is the ability of dead pathogenic bacteria to pass on their disease-causing properties to live, non-pathoigenic bacteria.
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What does it mean when it said that nitrogen bases are presented in a characteristic ratio? (Hint Chargaff's rule)
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The amounts are not equal, but in varying characteristic proportions.
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Name the four bases that are found in the DNA nucleotides and give the correct pairs.
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1. Adenine
2. Thymine
3. Guanine
4. Cytosine
A-T
G-C
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What kind of bond holds a strand of DNA together?
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Hydrogen Bound
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What does it mean when you say a DNA strand is antiparallel?
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This means that the phosphate bridges run in opposite directions, and each contain the 3' and the 5'.
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What is the difference between a gene and a genome?
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A gene is defined as a funcional sub unit of DNA that directs the production of one or more polypeptides, or protien molecules.
A Genome of an organism is the sum of all the DNA that is carried in each cell of the organism.
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What are the two conditions for a DNA to enlongate, and what is enlongation???
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Elongation is the process of joining nucleotides to extend a new strand on DNA, and it is the heart of replication.
1.) It can only take place in the 5' to 3' direction.
2.) A short strand of RNA (known as primer) must serve as the starting point for the attachment of new nucleotides.
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This starts at a specific necleotide sequence in the initiation of DNA replication.
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Replication Origin.
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What enzyme used in DNA replication is needed to splice the Okazaki Fragments together?
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DNA ligase.
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The enzyme helicase does what in DNA replication?
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Cleaves and unwinds short sections of DNA ahead of the replication fork.
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Some of the following are optimal body conditions:
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Homeostasis- body’s attempt to adjust to a fluctuating external environment in order to maintain a stable, favorable, tolerable, and functional internal environment.
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In a gene, the threes sets of bases is known as what? What is its function?
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Condon-codes for amino acid or a terminal signal.
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What does it mean when you say a genetic code is redundant?
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More than one codon can code for the same amino acid.
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When a genetic code is continuous that means it is....?
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Meaning the genetic code reads as a series of three-letter codons without spaces, punctuation, or overlap. (knowing were to start and stop)
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Why are genetic codes nearly universal?
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Because almost all living organisms build protiens with the same genetic code.
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