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Cards In This Set
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Conversion of sunlight energy into chemical energy trapped in carbon bonds
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Photosynthesis
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12H20 + 6CO2 ---energy---> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + 6H20
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
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Functions in light-dependent reactions; Consists of grana (stacks of disks) and channels (continuous interior folds filled with H+ and light absorbing molecules)
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The Thylakoid System
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Site of light-independent reactions - carbohydrate formation.
(semifluid area surrounding grana)
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Stroma
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Convert light energy to chemical energy stored in ATP (supplies energy) and NADPH (supplies e-, H+, and Pi).
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Light-dependent reactions
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Assemble sugars and other organic molecules using ATP and NADPH.
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Light-independent reactions
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Glucose formation is the ___ ______ of light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
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End result
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Oxygen is a product
water is split
NADPH is a product
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Light-dependent reactions
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Packaged light energy (subatomic particles traveling the speed of light); energy varies as a funtion of wavelength (400-750 nm for photosynthesis, vision, and other processes).
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Photons
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absorb photons; bound to membrane bound protines in thylakoid.
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Pigment Molecules
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Chlorophyll pigments absorb blue and red but reflect or transmit green so appear green.
Type of pigment molecule
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Primary Pigments
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Carotenes and xanthrophylls absorb violet and blue but transmit yellow, orange, and red.
type of pigment molecule
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Accessory Pigments
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Clusters of photosynthetic prigments that are bound to proteins in the thylakoid membrane; light absorption causes the transfer of electrons.
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Photosystems
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Steps that occur in photosystems (read):
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1. Absorbed "photons of energy" boost electrons to a higher level.
2. The elctrons quickly return to the lower level and release energy which hops from molecule to molecule.
3. Released energy is trapped by chlorophylls, which act as a sink for energy harvested by all pigments.
4. Trapped energy is used to transfer a chlorophyll electron to an acceptor/electron carrier molecule.
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Series of molecules bound in thylakoid membrane which passes electrons causing "photophosphorylation" of ATP.
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Electron Transport Systems (ETS)
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