Biotech/Genetic Engineering Vocab

Technques of managing biological systems for human benefit

Genes are manipulated (hanged or deleted)in organism
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

Joins DNA from 2 differnt organisms. An organism that carries recombinant DNA isd called a genetically modified (GM) or a transgenic organism

Are used to cut DNA in small, manageable sequence at specific sites. Scientists can control where they want to cut and join it. the overhang made by restriction enzymes will only recombine with a similar overhang on another piece f DNA

After cutting the DNA, it allows scientists to specifically join 2 pieces of DNA

Seals the cracks and finishes the reombination

Circular DNA found in bacteria that can be used to manipulate pieces of DNA

Are used to transfer genes into cells that do not normally contain the genes. when the cells containing the vectors divide, the genes are copied(cloned) and expressed i the daughter cells

Makes large amounts of DNA from a small sample of polymerase is an enzyme(protein) that replicates DNA

Creations of an exact genetic copy of an original. environmental factors can influence the phenotypes. can be used to harvest useful bacteria or save species from extinction.

Recombinant DNA process in which the DNA is manipulated by adding or removing genes (known to cause a disease) in an attempt to cure that disease. gene that prevent or fix the disease ae placed into a person's genome.

Cells whose job in the body has not yet been determined. cells that form into new tissues for repair or growth of damaged tissues. Embryonic (can become the cell of any body tissue)
Adult (can only form one type of specific body tissue cell, i..e. bone cell)

Every human has a unique genome (except identical twins) the DNA banding patterns are seperated by size and charge.

Seperates sections of DNA based on size and elctrical charge. uses electricity to move DNA, RNA, or proteins from negative to positive ends.

Mapping genes on the 46 chromosomes in a human.