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Cards In This Set
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Early Egyptian Contributions
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Pyramids; "Trabeated Construction" (Post and lintel, or in contemporary usage Post and beam, a simple construction method using a lintel, header, or architrave as the horizontal member over a building void supported at its ends by two vertical columns, pillars, or posts.)
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Greek Order of Architecture - Doric
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 Column: fluted shaft; no base (rests directly on stylobate); square abacus (plate) over curved echinus (dish) capital. Entablature: plain architrave, frieze with blocks of vertical channels (triglyphs) and plan or lightly decorated panels in between (metopes). |
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Greek Order of Architecture - Ionic
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 Column: narrower than doric; fluted with separated semicircular grooves; molded base resting on stylobate; capital with two scroll volutes (perhaps from horns or shells?) that may include "egg and dart" upper molding, "anthemion" (design consisting of a number of radiating petals), and "bead and reel" lower molding. Entablature: narrower than doric, three-tiered architrave, undecorated or continuously decorated frieze, less-projecting cornice. |
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Greek/Roman Order of Architecture: Corinthian
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 Column: narrower fluted column, molded base resting on stylobate, inverted bell-shaped capital with two rows of acanthus leaves topped by four scroll volutes supporting four-sided abacus. Entablature: narrower than doric, three-tiered architrave, undecorated or continuously decorated frieze, cornice enriched with dentil ornament. |
 Identify the parts of this example of the Doric order of architecture: |
1. Stylobate2. Column3. Shaft4. Capital5. Echinus6. Abacus7. Entablature8. Architrave9. Frieze10. Triglyph11. Metope12. Cornice13. Pediment
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 Identify the mostly unique parts of the Ionic column: |
1. Volute2. Egg and Dart Molding3. Anthemion Relief4. Bead and Reel Molding5. Abacus6. Separated, Semicircular Flutes
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 Identify the mostly unique parts of the Corinthian column: |
1. Rows of Acanthus Leaves2. Volute3. Square (four-sided) Abacus
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Greek Contributions
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3 Greek orders of architecture; sculpture and stone design; truss systems (triangular truss), pediment (at the end of the triangular
trusses), and the caryatid (a sculpted female figure acting as a column)
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Roman Contributions
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Roundheaded Roman Arch; Barrel Vault; Dome; Tuscan and Composite orders of architecture; reinforced concrete
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Characteristics of the Roman Tuscan Order
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Column similar to but simpler than the Doric order without flutes or ornamental moldings
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Characteristics of the Roman Composite Order
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Combination of the Greek Ionic and Corinthian Orders; has large volutes, egg-and-dart and -bead-and-reel moldings, and two rows of Acanthus leaves
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Difference between the Roman podium and Greek stylobate
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The roman base is raised higher and can only be approached from the front entrance side by stairs while the Greek base could be approached from all sides.
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Difference between Roman and Greek temple interiors (cella)
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The roman interior proper was expanded to the edge of the base and supported by half columns (the covered front portico still had full columns) , filling the area that otherwise would have formed a porch at the sides and rear of a Greek temple.
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 Identify and define the unique features of this Greko-Roman floor plan: |
1. Atrium - space open to the sky located near the entrance of a home containing a pool to gather rainwater2. Peristyle - an open colonnaded garden area in the rear section of the home
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Vitruvius
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The man who documented Roman orders and proportions in the first century C.E.
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