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| Front | Back |
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In massive cardiac enlargement if dilated cardiomyopathy which AV valve is functional and which isnt?
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Mitral ok tricuspid bad.
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Causes for dilated cardiomyopathy?
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Alcohol
obesity pregnancy (peripartum) post viral infection chagas dx thiamine insufficiency cardiotoxic drugs sleep apnea |
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Stuff/Drugs that are directly cardiotoxic and contribute to dilated cardiomyopathy
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Alcohol,
Adriamycin (doxorubin): a cancer chemotherapy |
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What would you see histologically in dilated cardiomyopathy?
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Myofiber hypertrophy and disarray,
Lacy interstitial fibrosis |
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Mutated proteins in dilated cardiomyopathy?
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Cytoskeletal proteins: dystrophin, desmin
sarcomeric-myosin heavy chain muscular-actin |
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Peripartum cardiomyopathy aka?
duration? can cause? |
-cardiomyopathy of pregnancy
-extends from latter pregnancy up to 6 months after delivery -sudden unexpected heart failure or death |
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Clinical complications in dilated cardiomyopathy
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-heart failure (b/c of enlargement)
-cardiac arrhythmia: stretching affects nodal cells -pulmonary edema -valvular insufficiency: dilation prevents valves from fully closing -stroke -sudden cardiac death |
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Cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
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100% genetic cause
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can cause?
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-functional aortic stenosis
-obstruction of left ventricular outflow -idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis |
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Mutant cardiac proteins in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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Sarcomeric-hyosin heavy chain and light chain
troponins T and I muscular-actin |
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Clinical complications in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
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Cardiac arrhythmia
sudden cardiac death *especially prominent in young athletes* |
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Main causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy
other causes? |
*cardiac amyloidosis and endocardial fibroelastosis*
other: loeffler's endomyocarditis (eosinophilic) Davies' disease (non eosinophilic) sarcoidosis post radiation therapy |
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What is cardiac amyloidosis?
what does it do? |
-build up of abnormal fibril in heart muscle
-stiffens myocardium and also impairs contractility and electrical conduction |
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Cardiac amyloidosis can be commonly see in what?
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Multiple myeloma and age related senile amyloid
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Gross pathology of cardiac amyloidosis?
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Has a firm waxy appearance
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