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Development
from neural tube -> adult structureAt embryotic week5 , and Week 13
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By
embryonic week 5, have beginnings of:
forebrain, brain stem, spinal cord
By
embryonic week 13: orientation of
different brain regions
* Growth of cerebral cortex is curved back over brain stem and lateral
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At birth, CNS has
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Adult form.
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Form of the brain
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) Cerebrum
/ Cerebral Hemispheres(right n left sides of brain)
) Diencephalon (thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, retina)
3) Brain Stem (midbrain,
pons, medulla oblongata)Cerebellum-
little brain
Spinal Cord |
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Organization of cells
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Look at diagram 3/18
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2 orientation terms ?
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1) Rostral = anterior; toward forehead
2) Caudal = posterior; toward spinal cord
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What are ventricles in the brain ?
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) Ventricles – fluid-filled chambers (filled with
CSF)
-- continuous w/ one another and with
central canal of spinal cord
-- lined with ependymal cells-> cilia beat to circulate CSF
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What is the
) Cerebrum
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-- comprised of 2 cerebral hemispheres
-- form superior-most part of brain
-- accounts for ~83% of total brain mass
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3 major surface features of the Cerebrum:
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1) gyri – elevated ridges(singular = gyrus)
2)
sulci -shalollow groovs (singular = sulcus)
3)
fissures- deep fff
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Major lobes of the Cerebrum
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1) Frontal
2) Parietal
3) Temporal
4) Occipital
5) Insula -> deep to lateral sulcus
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4 major landmarks of the cerebrum ?
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1.longitudinal fissure
2. central sulcus 3. Lateral Sulcus 4. Transverse cerebral fissure |
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1) Longitudinal fissure
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– divides cerebrum into rt & left hemispheres
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2) Central sulcus
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– divides frontal & parietal lobes
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3) Lateral sulcus
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– divides temporal lobe from frontal
& parietal
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4) Transverse cerebral fissure
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– separates cerebral hemispheres from
cerebellum
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What is the cerebral cortex consist of ?
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Gray matter
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