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Cards In This Set
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Meaning
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Significance we attach to phenomena such as words, action, people, objects and events
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Perception
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The active process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting people, objects, events, situations, and activities
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Self-fulfilling prophecy
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One acts in ways consistent with how one has learned to percieive oneself
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Constructivism
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The theory that we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures called schemata
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Schemata
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Used to make sense of perceptions; 4 types: prototypes, personal constructs, stereotypes, and scripts
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Prototype
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Knowledge structure that defines the best or most representative example of some category
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Personal contructs
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Mental yardsticks that allow us to position people and situation along bipolar dimensions of judgement
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Stereotypes
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Predictive generalizations about people and situations
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Attributions
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Explanations of why things happen and why people act as they do
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Standpoint theory
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Claims that a culture includes a number of social communities that have different degrees of social status and privilege
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Cognitive complexity
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Refers to the number of constructs used, how abstract they are, and how elaborately they interact to shape perceptions
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Person-centered perception
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Reflects cognitive complexity because it entails abstract thinking and a broad range of shemata
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Empathy
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The ability to feel with another person-to feel what she or he feels
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Mind-reading
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Assuming we understand what another person thinks or percieves
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