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Cards In This Set
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1.
Socialization of a 6-year-old child from Mexico into the Mexican
culture is best described as:
A) Assimilation
B) Biculturalism C) Enculturation D) Acculturation |
Enculturation is socialization into one's own culture.
Acculturation is the process of adopting a new culture. Assimilation results
when an individual gradually adopts and incorporates the characteristics of the
dominant culture. Biculturalism occurs when an individual identifies equally
with two or more cultures.
Correct Answer(s): C |
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2.
A 46-year-old woman from Bosnia came to the United States 6
years ago. Although she did not celebrate Christmas when she lived in Bosnia,
she celebrates Christmas with her family now. This woman has experienced
assimilation into the culture of the United States because she:
A) Chose
to be bicultural
B) Adapted to and adopted the American culture C) Had an extremely negative experience with the American culture D) Gave up part of her ethnic identity in favor of the American culture |
Assimilation results when the individual adopts and incorporates
the characteristics of the dominant culture, such as celebrating holidays of
the dominant culture. There is not enough information to consider the other
options.
Correct Answer(s): B |
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3.
For a nursing student to enhance cultural awareness, the student
will need to make an in-depth self-examination of:
A) Motivation
and commitment to caring
B) Social, cultural, and biophysical factors C) Engagement in cross-cultural interactions. D) Background, including recognition of biases and prejudices |
Cultural awareness is an in-depth self-examination of one's own
background, including recognizing one's biases and prejudices and assumptions
about other people.
Correct Answer(s): D |
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4.
Cultural competence is the process of:
A) Learning
about the large number of cultures
B) Developing motivation and commitment to caring C) Influencing the treatment and care of clients D) Acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes |
Cultural competence is the process of acquiring specific
knowledge, skills, and attitudes that ensure delivery of culturally congruent
care. The other options are incorrect.
Correct Answer(s): D |
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5.
Ethnocentrism is the root of:
A) Cultural
beliefs
B) Biases and prejudices C) Meanings by which people make sense of their experiences D) Individualism and self-reliance in achieving and maintaining health |
Ethnocentrism is the cause of biases and prejudices that
associate negative characteristics with people who are different from a valued
group. These are individual beliefs, not cultural beliefs, and do not help
people make sense of their experiences.
Correct Answer(s): B |
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6.
When action is taken on one's prejudices:
A) Discrimination
occurs.
B) Effective intercultural communication develops. C) Delivery of culturally congruent care is ensured. D) Sufficient comparative knowledge of diverse groups is obtained. |
Discrimination occurs when one acts on one's prejudices. These
actions do not allow for the delivery of culturally competent care, and they
create barriers for effective intercultural communication and the ability to
learn about different groups.
Correct Answer(s): A |
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7.
Which activity would not be expected by the
nurse to meet the cultural needs of the client?
A) Developing
the structure and process for meeting cultural needs on a regular basis and
means to avoid overlooking these needs in clients
B) Expecting the client's family to keep an interpreter present at all times day and night to assist in meeting the communication needs of the client while hospitalized C) Promoting and supporting attitudes, behaviors, knowledge, and skills to respectfully meet the client's cultural needs despite the nurse's own beliefs and practices D) Ensuring that the interpreter understands not only the client's language but also the feelings and attitudes behind cultural practices to make sure an ethical balance can be achieved |
It is not the family's responsibility to assist in the
communication process. Many families will leave someone to help at times, but
it is the hospital's legal obligation to find an interpreter to provide
continued understanding of the client and to ensure that the client is fully
informed and comprehends in his or her primary language. The nurse should
respect and recognize cultural needs in every client to be able to give
holistic care to every client. The nurse should not use as interpreter a person
who barely speaks the language, because many elements in language communication
involve more than just saying the right words. Ongoing assessment and planning
for incorporating cultural needs into the larger picture of health care will
allow the client to feel fully cared for while in the hospital.
Correct
Answer(s):
B
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8.
Culture strongly influences pain expression and need for pain
medication. However, cultural pain:
A) Is
not expressed verbally or physically
B) Is expressed only to others of like culture C) Is more intense, thus necessitating more mediation D) May be suffered by a client whose valued way of life is disregarded by practitioners |
Clients suffer cultural pain when health care providers
disregard their valued way of life. Cultural pain may or may not be intense and
may or may not be expressed, and the individual and his or her culture will
choose to whom the client expresses this pain.
Correct Answer(s): D |
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The dominant values in American society of individual autonomy
and self-determination:
A) Do
not have an effect on health care
B) Rarely have an effect on those of other cultures C) May be in direct conflict with the values of diverse groups D) May hinder the ability to gain admission to hospice programs |
Individual autonomy and self-determination are not societal
values in all cultures, so what is valued by most Americans may not be valued
in other cultures. These values do have an affect on health care, will not
hinder the ability to gain admission to hospice programs, and will affect those
of other cultures.
Correct Answer(s): C |
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10.
The best explanation of what Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
mandates is the freedom to:
A) Pick
any physician and insurance company despite one's income.
B) Enjoy equal access to all health care regardless of race and religion. C) Receive free medical benefits as needed within the county of residence. D) Receive basic care under a sliding scale payment plan from all health care facilities. |
Title VI mandates that no person in the United States,
regardless of race, color, or national origin, shall be excluded from
participation in, denied benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under
any program receiving federal funding. The act does not say that care must be
given at no charge but that the services or health care must be offered equally
to all without bias. Payment guidelines are not the focus of the act; private
and public organizations such as medical institutions can charge according to
their own policies and are not regulated by the federal government.
Correct Answer(s): B |
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The role of the nurse in planning care for a culturally diverse
population can best be described as:
A) Focusing
only on the needs of the client, ignoring the nurse's beliefs and practices
B) Including care that is culturally congruent with the nursing staff based on predetermined criteria C) Providing care while remaining aware of one's own bias and focusing on the client's individual needs rather than the staff's practices D) Blending the values of the nurse that are for the good of the client and minimizing the client's individual values and beliefs during care |
Unless the nurse understands his or her own beliefs and values,
a bias or preconceived belief of the nurse could create an unexpected conflict
or an area of neglect in the plan of care for a client (who might be expecting
something totally different from the care). Basing care on predetermined
criteria that may or may not reflect the individual client's needs does not
allow for individualization of care based on the client's culture. The nurse is
still providing too much input if the plan is a blend of the nurse's and
client's values. The focus of care is not to benefit the nurse but to meet
specific needs of the client. The nurse in this description becomes the
"guardian figure" who dictates what the "nurse believes" to
be in the best interest of the client and does not include the client's own
preferences or beliefs.
Correct Answer(s): C |
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12.
Which of the following statements related to cultural conflicts
is an accurate definition?
A) Cultural
ignorance is a refusal to accept another person's beliefs.
B) Ethnocentrism is a belief that one's own way of life is inferior to that of others. C) Cultural blindness is the ability to see that there are differences among people. D) Discrimination is bias against people because of age, gender, color, race, or beliefs. |
A person who discriminates against others recognizes that there
are differences among people and relies on his or her own values or beliefs
about others to interpret their behaviors. Ethnocentrism is the belief that
one's own value system and beliefs are superior not inferior
to those of others. Cultural ignorance is failure to recognize or acknowledge
that others have different values or beliefs that affect their behavior.
Cultural blindness is a refusal to accept that there are differences among
individuals based on beliefs, practices, and values. The culturally blind may
see the difference but not give it value as a part of the focus of the
individual's needs for care.
Correct Answer(s): D |
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13.
The nurse addressing cultural needs during the postpartum period
knows that which of the following statements is correct?
A) Hindu
mothers prefer bathing and sitz baths to feel clean after delivery and prefer
liquid diets for several days after delivery.
B) In Western medicine it is common practice to perform religious rituals, such as a cleansing bath, before sexual relations are resumed after delivery. C) Members of non-Western cultures have fewer problems with postpartum depression because attention is given to the mother's recovery for a longer period of time. D) Eastern cultures, such as the Chinese, encourage activity and exercise by the mother soon after the delivery and a return to social involvement as soon as possible. |
Americans are often more autonomous and have fewer friends and
relatives who come for extended times to assist in the recovery period. Hindu
beliefs call for bathing rituals that are performed only after bleeding has stopped,
because blood is associated with pollution. Dietary practices do not call for
consuming only liquids; rather, foods that are thought to balance the mother
after delivery are recommended. In Eastern cultures the practice is to allow
the mother to rest and be waited upon for at least a month. Ritualistic
cleansing is an Eastern cultural practice, not an American or Western practice.
Correct Answer(s): C |
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14.
Which factors are least significant during assessment when
gathering information about cultural practices?
A) Biocultural
needs
B) Language, timing C) Touch and eye contact D) Pain perception and pain management expectations |
Cultural practices do not influence biocultural needs, because
biocultural needs are inborn risks that are related to a biological
characteristic and not a learned cultural belief or practice. Language and
timing do have an impact on how practices are shared with the health care
provider. Touch and eye contact can be interpreted differently in other
cultures. Pain is interpreted as having a variety of causes depending on
culture. Pain can be perceived as punishment from God, a consequence of a past
life, or something to be endured with or without the aid of certain behaviors.
Correct Answer(s): A |
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15.
Transcultural nursing involves:
A) Working
in another culture to practice nursing within the limitations of that culture
B) Ignoring all cultural differences to provide the best generalized care to all clients C) Combining all cultural beliefs into a practice that takes a nonthreatening approach to minimize cultural barriers and achieve equality of care for all clients D) Using a comparative study of cultures to understand similarities and differences across human groups to provide specific individualized care that is culturally appropriate |
Transcultural care means that the nurse understands and learns
about specific cultural practices so that the nurse can integrate these
practices into the plan of care for a client who adheres to these beliefs or
practices in order to meet the client's needs in a holistic way. Transcultural
nursing can be practiced anywhere; the nurse does not have to work within the given
country under its practice limitations. Even if the nurse combines all cultural
beliefs, the nurse still may not meet the belief needs of a specific client.
The nurse cannot ignore needs and expect the plan of care to be satisfying or
beneficial for an individual client. Taking a holistic approach to health care
means meeting all of the physical, social, psychological, and spiritual needs
of the client.
Correct Answer(s): D |
