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Cards In This Set
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What is an intramolecular force?
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A bonding force that hold atoms together within a molecule.
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What is a intermolecular force?
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Bonding forces that hold molecules or atoms together in between each other.
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What is another name for a Dispersion force?
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A London force
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What is the description of a dispersion force?
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- weakest intermolecular forces- exist in ALL substances- ONLY force in non-polar substances- comes from a temporary dipole ( a polar molecule)
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What is the correlation between molar mass and dispersion forces?
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-Increasing molar mass = increasing dispersion forces- as molar mass goes up, strength of the dispersion forces goes up
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What is the description of a dipole-dipole force?
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- stronger than dispersion forces- only in POLAR substances- permanent diff. in EN- electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ends of a polar molecule- strength of these forces increase with increasing molar mass
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What is the description for hydrogen bonds?
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- NOT actually a bond; a force- very strong dipole force- ONLY WITH NITROGEN, HYDROGEN, AND OXYGEN- very large separation of charge; large EN difference-have abnormally high boiling points based on molar mass
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What is the description for an ion-dipole force?
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- It's a force between an ion ( + or -) and a dipole (a polar molecule).- electrostatic attraction between a positive or negative ion and the oppositely charged end of a polar molecule-stronger than hydrogen bonding
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What are ionic bonds?
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- STRONGEST FORCE- complete separation of a charge- present in ALL ionic substances- extremely high melting and boiling points
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What are the trends for increasing charge separation?
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- the larger the charge separation , the stronger the intermolecular forces- the stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point- for compounds with the same intermolecular forces, boiling point increases with molar mass.
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What is the description of ionic bond forces?
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- STRONGEST FORCE, BY FAR-complete separation of charge- present in all ionic substances (metal+nonmetal)- extremely high melting and boiling points
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What is viscosity? What is it dependent on?
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-resistance to flowdependent on:- intermolecular forces: increases with increasing strength of forces- temperature: DECREASES with increasing temperature
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What is Surface tension? What is it dependent on?
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- energy required to keep a particle on the surface of a liquiddependent on:- forces: increases with increasing strength of forces-temperature: decreases with increasing temperature
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What is vapor pressure? What is it dependent on?
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- the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its' liquid.Dependent on:- forces: DECREASES with increasing strength of forces- Temperature: INCREASES with increasing temperature
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What is boiling point? what is it dependent on?
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- temperature at which a liquids vapor pressure = the atmospheric pressureDependent on:- forces: INCREASE as strength of forces increase- atmospheric pressure: boiling point DECREASES as atmospheric pressure decreases
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