Communications Test 1, Ch 1,3,4,5

-organizing thoughts logically -tailoring message to audience -telling story for max impact -adapting to feedback

-public speaking more highly structured -public speaking requires more formal language -public speaking requires different method of delivery

is filtered to listeners frame of reference, no 2 people the same

-Acquiring experience -Prepare -Think positively -Power of visualization -Most nervousness is not visible -Don’t expect perfection

controlled nervousness that helps energize speaker for presentation

picturing your success

-focused organized thoughts -relationships among ideas -soundness of evidence -differences between fact, opinion

one’s group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures

-Respect listeners’ cultural values -Adapt messages to audience expectations -Imagine yourself in place of listeners -Be alert to feedback -Listeners also have to avoid ethnocentrism

Vibration of sound waves on eardrums
Paying close attention to what we hear

Appreciative—listening for pleasure Empathic—listening to provide emotional support for speaker Comprehensive—listening to understand Critical—listening to evaluate message to accept or reject it

-Not concentrating -Listening too hard -Jumping to conclusions -Focusing on delivery, personal appearance

-Take listening seriously -be active listener -resist distractions -Don’t be diverted by appearance -Suspend judgment till end of speech -Develop note-taking skills -Focus your listening

generate ideas by free association of words

Broad goal of speech