Developmental Psychology Test 2

Trust vs mistrust; autonomy vs shame and doubt (person?)

Eriksons first psychosocial crisis. Infants learn basic trust if the world is a secure place where their basic needs are met. (food, comfort, attention, etc.)

Eriksons second crisis of psychosocial development. Toddlers either succeed or fail in gaining a sense of self-rule over their own actions and bodies.

In THIS theory, infants learn by observing others (social learning)

This theory holds that thoughts and values determine a persons perspective.

Holds that every human characteristic is strongly influenced by each person's unique genotype.

Inborn differences between one person and another in emotions, activity, and self-control. Temperament is epigenetic, originating in genes but affected by child rearing practices.

A similarity of temperament and values that produce a smooth interaction between an individual and his or her social context, including family, school, and community.

At birth: crying, contentmentat 6 weeks: social smile3 months: laughter, curiosity4 months: full responsive smiles4-8 months: anger9-14 months: fear of social events (strangers, separation from caregiver)

An infants expression of concern when a stranger appears.

An infants distress when a familiar caregiver leaves; most obvious between 9 and 14 months.

A persons realization that he or she is a distinct individual, with body, mind and reactions that are separate from those of other people.

The lasting emotional bond that one person has with another-according to Ainsworth.

A laboratory procedure for measuring attachment by evoking infants' reactions to stress.

A relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver.