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Cards In This Set
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Phenotypes
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Directly observable characteristics
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Genotypes
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Complex blend of genetic information that determines our species and influences all our unique characteristics
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Chromosomes
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Rodlike structures called chromosomes, which store and transmit genetic information
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Gene
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A segment of DNA along the length of the chromosome
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Mitosis
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DNA can duplicate itself through this process.
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Gametes
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Sex cells (Sperm or Ovum)
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Meiosis
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Cell division that forms gametes (23 chromosomes)
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Zygote
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Ovum fertilized with sperm (46 chromosomes)
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Autosomes
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Matching pairs of chromosomes (not sex chromosomes)
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Sex Chromosomes
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Twenty-third chromosomes - either X or Y
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Dizygotic Twins
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Fraternal twins, from two different ovum
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Monozygotic Twins
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Identical twins, from the same ovum
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Allele
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Each form of a gene
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Homozygous
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When the alleles from each parent are the same and the child displays the inherited trait
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Heterozygous
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When the alleles from each parent differ and the relationship of the alleles determines the expression of the trait
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