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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Normal calcium level
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8.5-10.5mg/dl
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Level to equal hypercalcemia
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>11
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Level to equal hypo calcemia
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<8.5
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Function of calcium within the body
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Excitation of nerves, action of voluntary skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle, incolvuntary gut muscles
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What happens during hypercalcemia
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Decreased excitability of tissue
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What happens during hypocalcemia
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Increased excitability of tissues
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Symptoms of hypercalcemia-- level 10-12
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Fatigue, lethergy, impaired concentration, mild confusion, constipation, a/n/v/, polyuria
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Symptoms of hypercalcemia-- level >12
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Stupor, coma, decreased deep tendon reflexes, increased cardiac contractility, oliguria, renal failure
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Early symptoms of hypocalcemia
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Increased neuromuscular irritability, praresthesia of finters, toes and periorbital area
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Late symptoms of hypocalcemia
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Tetany, seizure, hallucinations, larangospasm, death ekg changes: inverted T wave, longer qt nterval, vent. arrythmia, heart block, cardiac arrest.
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Magnesium-- normal level
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1.8-2.4
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Magnesium function
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critical cofactor in regulating cellular calcium, hydrogen,sodium,and potassium pumps in and in the phosphorylation of glucose
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Causes of mag excess
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Renal failure or adrenal insuffiency
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Symptoms of mag excess(>3)
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Lethargy/flushing/diaphoresis/<bp, <resp rate, <deep tendon reflexes
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Treatment of mag excess:
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Diuretics/volume expanding saline/manitol diuresis
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