Endocrine System Powerpoint Presentation

SLIDE 1 Make sure you pay attention to the bolded green words throughout the presentation because they are vocabulary words that will then help you later on……hint.. hint To warn you guys there are some pictures that are really bad

SLIDE 2 •Body Process can happen slowly such as cell growth or fast such as breathing and body movements. •Hormones: the body’s chemical messengers, that transfer information and instructions from one set of cells to another. •Glands: Is a group of cells that secretes, or gives off chemicals; so the glands selects and removes material from the bloodstream and processes them to be used somewhere else in the body •The foundations of the endocrine systems are: Hormones Glands

SLIDE 3 Nervous System: Monitors the environment; so when aberrations are detected the NS sends messages to the endocrine glands in which they would produce and secrete hormones into the blood The hormone will then hit the target organ and produces the substances that the organ produces and then the receptors will pick up the activity and the brain stops sending messages to the endocrine glands –Embryonic development and preparation for a newborn –Influence sexual behavior; stimulates growth and maturation of the gonads –Feedback to the nervous system

SLIDE 6 Lies in the cranial cavity, in a small depression of the sphenoid bone that is in the sella turcica which looks like a saddle Considered the Master Gland because-----Since the pituitary glands has tropic hormones meaning that it stimulates other endocrine glands to grow and produce their hormones -----It exerts this control over the thyroid gland, the adrenal cortex, the ovarian follicles, and the corpus luteum

SLIDE 7 The difference between the two glands is the prefix because adeno means gland and neuro means nervous Explain the picture and point out where the anterior and posterior pituitary gland is

SLIDE 8 Considered the Master Gland because-----Since the pituitary glands has tropic hormones meaning that it stimulates other endocrine glands to grow and produce their hormones -----It exerts this control over the thyroid gland, the adrenal cortex, the ovarian follicles, and the corpus luteum Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) •Acts on the adrenal cortex to increase in size and to secrete larger amounts of hormones called the cortisol - Hydrocortisone) LH– Acts with FSH to perform several functions Ovulating Hormone The males pituitary glands also secrete LH -Has the same functions of FSH For males the hormone was called the Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone because it stimulates interstitial cells in the testes to develop and secrete testosterone, the male sex hormone

SLIDE 9 FSH– Stimulates maturation of ovarian follicle and ovum Stimulates follicle cells to secrete estrogens and triggers ovulation In males, it stimulates the somniferous tubules to grow and to form sperm That is to the point of ovulation Corpus Luteum– means yellow body in Latin …. It is what is left the follicle after a women's ovulates

SLIDE 10 GH---another name for growth hormone is somatotropion –Speeds up the movement of digested proteins out of the blood into the cells It accelerates anabolism of amino acids to form protein tissues Anabolism---to build up GH– This hence normal growth Affects fats and carbohydrates metabolism Metabolism---a process which the food is used by a living organism…so in other words it is the break down of food that is absorbed by the cells in the body –It accelerates fat catabolism and slows down glucose catabolism Catabolism--- the breakdown of food compounds Meaning that less glucose is leaving the blood to enter the cells, therefore the amount of glucose in the blood increases GH and insulin has opposites effects on blood glucose Insulin decreases blood glucose and GH increases it Hypo---- is when there is too much insulin in the blood Hyper---- is when there is too much growth hormone in the blood

SLIDE 11 After TSH---These hormones are other hormones that the pituitary gland secretes –TSH-- Acts on the thyroid gland to increase the secretion of the thyroid gland MSH---melanin---what gives our skin the color…it’s the brown skin pigment Or called the lactogenic hormone MSH--- Causes a rapid increase in synthesis and dispersion of melanin granules in specialized skin cells – Prolactine --- During pregnancy, Prolactin stimulates the breast development necessary for lactation Lactation--- milk secretion of the breast Meaning that it prepares for lactation so when the mother gives birth to the baby Then after the baby is born the mother has the function to secretes milk from her breast

SLIDE 12 Releases two hormones ADH--- With more water leaving the tubules into the blood, less water remains in the tubules, therefore less urine leaves the body Anti– means against Diuretic– means increasing the volume of urine excreted So it means acting against an increases in urine volume Accelerates the reabsorption of water from urine in the kidney tubules in the back in the blood Oxytocin--- is secreted by a woman’s body before and after she has a baby This is why physicians prescribe Oxytocin injections -----to induce or increase labor Stimulates contraction of the smooth muscle of the pregnant uterus and is to initiate and maintain labor

SLIDE 13 Now I am going to explain some diseases and disorders of the Pituitary gland Is when a child grow to a giant size… a person with a tall stature Causes: Results from excess Somatotropion prior to puberty and fusion in the epiphyses What is Somatotropion? Epiphyses is the end of a long bone so it increases the length of the bone size

SLIDE 14 A person with a short stature… small body size…..it also deals with the GH The releasing of the hormone can affect other pituitary cells that can result in multiple deficits Causes: By a tumor Genetic factor Injury If diagnosed early, Can have GH injections The GH injections can last at least up to 5 years or when the bone growth is fully developed

SLIDE 15 The effectiveness of insulin metabolism can result in diabetes Gives you a grotesque appearance You can develop slurred speech

SLIDE 16 A low level of ADH prevents water from being reabsorbed by the kidneys Polyuria--- excessive urination Polydipsia--- excessive thirst ADH--- remember it helps take out the glucose from your urine and put’s it back into your bloodstream

SLIDE 17 Hypopituitarism--- is when the pituitary gland does not produce normal amounts of it’s hormones If caused by a tumor you can have it surgically removed It is not preventable