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Cards In This Set
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What are the glands involved in the Endocrine system
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The: Thalamus
Heart Testes Pituitary Ovaries Pineal Gland Kidneys Thymus Gastrointestinal Gland |
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What are the three types of signaling and what do they do
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Autocrine - Signals itself
to work harder Paracrine - Nearby Endocrine - action at a distance |
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How does the Hypothalamus interact with the anterior pituitary
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The hypothalamus will use the hypophyseal portal system to send hormones into the anterior pituitary (an example of paracine signaling) to cause the release of different hormones from the pituitary. These are the FLAT PEG hormones and are subject to feedback inhibititon. The one exception to this is PIF (Prolactin)
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What are the FLAT PEG hormones
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FSH
LH ACTH TSH Prolactin Endorphins GH |
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How does the hypothalamus interact with the posterior pituitary
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Uses an axon near it to signal the posterior pituitary. The only hormones the posterior signals is the oxytocin and ADH
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What is the difference between direct and tropic hormones?
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Direct - will act directly
Tropic - will act by going to a receptor and signaling other shit to do work (effector hormones) |
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Which are the direct hormones from the anterior pituitary?
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The PEG portion of FLAT PEG
P - Prolactin - Stimulates milk production in the mammory glands (ewww) E- Endorphins - Pain receptors G - Growth Hormone - If you have too much during puberty before the epiphysal sealing, you will get gigantism. If you get it in adulthood, it will act on the short bones resulting in acromegaly |
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Which are the Tropic Hormones
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The FLAT portion of FLAT PEG
FSH and LH - act on testes and ovaries (ewww) ACTH - acts on the adrenal cortex to release glucorticoids that affect sugar balance in the body TSH - affect the thyroid making it absorb iodine and release thyroid hormone |
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What do the Posterior Pituitary hormones do?
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They are made in the hypothalamus and distributed via the posterior pituitary
The ADH screws with the Kidney collecting ducts and regulates water The Oxytocin allows for coordinated contraction of uterine lining and increases milk production |
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What are the adrenal cortex hormones?
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Remember that they are Sugar, Salt and Sex
Glucocorticoids Minealcorticoids Cortical Sex Cells |
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What do glucocorticoids do?
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They regulate sugar levels in the blood and protein synthesis. The two specific ones to remembers are cortisol and cortisone. They raise glucose levels and decrease the protein synthesis. Reduce inflamation.
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What do mineralcorticoids do?
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Control Salt levels
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What do cotrical sex hormones?
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Make male adrogens. Doesn't really affect men but in women, it can make them Butch.
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The Thyroid. Talk about it.
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The thyroid is stimulated by TSH from the anterior pituitary and once they do that, the thyroid will then absorb iodine to make thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These will regulate basal metabolism right and calcium levels via calcitonin.
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What do thyroxine and triiodothyronine do? What happens when we have too much? What's Goiter?
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They increase the basal metabolism rate by increasing respiration rate.
Hyperthyroidism - too much of both them and it results in higher than normal respiration and therefore you will get skinny, increased body temp, increased respiratory heart rate, and heat intolerance. Hypothyrodism - opposite of hyperthyroid. You get FAT =( Goiter - Enlarged thyroid |
