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Cards In This Set
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What is the octet rule?
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The tendency of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 elements tend to react in ways that achieve an electron configuration of the valance electrons in the closest noble gas.
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What is an anion?
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An atom that gains an electron becomes negatively charged ion called an anion
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What is a cation?
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An atom that loses an electron becomes a positively charged ion called a cation.
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What Groups does the octect rule not apply?
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3 - 12
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How do you name a cation?
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If there is more than one ion that can be formed the suffix used for the lower positive charge is -ous and the suffix for the higher positive charge is -ic.
e.g. cuprous Cu+ and cupric Cu2+ |
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What is the symbol for cuprous and cupric?
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Cuprous Cu+
Cupric Cu2+ |
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What is the symbol for ferrous and ferric?
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Ferrous Fe2+
Ferric Fe3+ |
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What is the symbol for mercurous and mercuric?
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Mercurous Hg22+
Mercuric Hg2+ |
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What is the symbol for the two tin ions?
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Stannous Sn2+
Stannic Sn4+ |
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What are the most common monatomic anions and how are they named?
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"ide" is added the the "stem" part of the name
F- Flour - ide Cl- Chlor - ide Br- Brom - ide I- Iod - ide O2- Ox - ide S2- Sulf - ide |
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What are the common polyatomic ion? (Symbol and Name)
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NH4+ Ammonium
OH- Hydroxide NO2- Nitrite NO3- Nitrate CH3COO- Acetate CN- Cyanide MnO4- Permanganate CrO42- Chromate CO32- Carbonate HCO3- Hydrogen carbonate (Bicarbonate) SO32- Sulfite HSO3- Hydrogen sulfite (Bisulfite) SO42- Sulfate HSO42- Hydrogen Sulfate (Bisulfate) PO43- Phosphate HPO42- Hydrogen phosphate H2PO4- Dihydrogen phosphate |
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What is an ionic bond?
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The attraction between a cation and an anion is an ionic bond. Caused by the opposite charges on the ions.
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What is a covalent bond?
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The force between two atoms that share electrons.
An atom shares one or more electrons with another atom to filled the valence shell. |
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What is electronegativity, its trend and how it is measured?
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A measure of an atom's attraction for the electrons it shares in a chemical bond with another atom.
Fluorine is the most electronegative element of 4.0, all elements are assigned values relative to fluorine. |
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How does electronegativity relate to ionic bonds?
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The more electronegative atoms gain one or more valence electrons and become anions
The lesser electronegative atoms lose one or more valence electrons and become cations. The compound formed but the combination of an anion and cation is called an ionic compound. |
