+
Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
What is population dynamics?
|
Population dynamics is the change in population size through time.
|
|
What is biotic potential?
|
Biotic potential is the maximum reproductive rate of an organism.
|
|
What affects biotic potential?
|
Biotic potential depends on:1) How soon individual starts reproducing2) How often reproduction occurs3) How many offspring are born each time
|
|
What limits population?
|
Population is limited by:1) Food2) Water3) Nutrients4) Disease5) Predators / Parasites
|
|
What determines population growth rate?
|
Growth rate of population depends on:1) Birth rate + immigration2) Death rate + emigration
|
|
What is demography?
|
Demography is the study of age-specific patterns.
|
|
What age-specific patterns does demography address?
|
Demography addresses:1) Maximum possible age2) Probability of dying at different ages3) Age when most likely to reproduce
|
|
What is the Life Table?Who invented the Life Table?Who borrowed the Life Table from the inventors?
|
The Life Table is a summary table of age-specific patterns of birth and death.The Life Table was invented by insurance companies.Ecologists borrowed the Life Table from the insurance companies.
|
|
What was the rate of human population 10,000 years ago?
|
Prior to 10,000 yrs. ago population = few mill. people10,000 years ago human population had almost no growth rate.Birth rates nearly equaled death rates (Zero Population Growth)
|
|
What are the three most important events in demographic history?
|
1) Agricultural Revolution and the domestication of animals (10,000 yrs. ago)2) The Plague, "The Black Death" (14thcentury)Worldwide = 75 million deathsEurope = 20 mill. deaths (1/3 --2/3 of population)3) Industrial revolution (late 18thand 19th)
|
|
What is the current trend in human population growth?
|
The current trend in human population growth is a "J" shaped exponential curve.
|
|
10,000 yrs. ago = hardly any growthCurrent growth = exponential "J" curve
What are some reasons for the increased growth rate between this time periods? |
Agriculture = changed social organization, food supply became stable, settlements became permanent
Urbanization and Trade = specialization of tasks, population density increasedIndustrialization = substitution of machines for humans increased human productivity, boom of larger citiesMedical Advances = responsible for decline in death rates, people live longer |
|
What was Thomas Malthus's view on limits to growth in his "Essay on Population"?
|
Malthus said:Population growth is exponential (J shaped)Food production increases are linear (straight line)When population exceeds food = leads to war, famine, disease
|
|
What was Karl Marx's view on population growth?
|
Marx said:Poverty, resource depletion, and inequalities = lead to high fertility rates.Address social injustice, and population growth will decline
|
|
What is the current population growth rate (worldwide)?
|
Birth Rate = 4 births / secondDeath Rate = 2 deaths / secondWorld Pop. Growth Rate = 2.3 people / second or 72 million people / yearCurrent Population = 6.7 billion
|
