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Cards In This Set
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WHAT DOES THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CONSIST OF?
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Gonads (testies & ovaries)
Their products (gametes - sperm & eggs) The ducts that transport them. |
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WHERE ARE THE GONADS FOUND AND WHAT ARE THE ROLES OF THE DUCTS?
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The gonads are found in well protect areas of the body.
The ducts provides a path leading outside of the body. |
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WHAT ARE SOME FACTORS THAT CREATE VARIATION IN THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?
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- If reproduction is sexual or asexual.
- If there are seperate sexes or hermaphrodism. - If the female gives rise to eggs or live offspring. - How the offspring is nourished (by parent?) - Whether fertilization is internal or external. |
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WHAT IS THE EMBRYONIC ORIGIN OF THE GONADS AND DUCTS?
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Gonads - Splanhnic hypomere mesoderm.
Ducts - Mesomere mesoderm. |
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HOW ARE THE GONADS INITIALLY FORMED?
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Formed initially as a genital ridges which are small swellings.
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WHAT DETERMINES THE SEX OF A SPECIES?
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- In the embryo, the gonads are indifferent, meaning they do not have a sex yet.
- Sex can be determined from as little as one gene to an entire genome. - In many species, it is linked to environmental cues such as temperature. |
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WHAT IS OVIPAROUS?
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- Animals that lay eggs.
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WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF AMOUNT OF YOLK IN AN EGG?
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- An egg must have sufficient yolk for an embryo to develop.
- If an egg is macrolecithal, then the offspring may hatch fully formed. - If there is less yolk, then it will hatch as a larvae. |
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WHICH CLASSES ARE OVIPAROUS?
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- All of Monotremes, Archosaurs, Parareptilia, Many fishes, Most amphibians, some Lepidosauria.
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WHAT ARE VIVIPAROUS VERTEBRATES?
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Animals who give birth to free-living offspring.
Euviviparous & Ovoviviparous. |
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EUVIVIPAROUS ANIMALS ARE A SUBGROUP OF VIVIPAROUS ANIMALS WITH WHICH UNIQUE QUALITIES?
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- They nourish their developing youngs until it is born, protecting, nourishing,, providing oxygen, and removing waste for it.
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WHAT ARE OVOVIVIPAROUS ANIMALS AND WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT THEM?
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- Ovoviviparous animals have their embryo formed as an egg.
- They contain a yolk for nourishment, but rely on their mothers for gas exchange and protection. - They develop in the uterus or ovaries and hatch within their mothers. |
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WHAT LAYERS CAN BE ADDED TO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE OF A VERTEBRATE EGG?
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- Vitelline membrane (zona pellucida in mammals).
- Follicle cell layer. |
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WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE PIMARY EGG ENVELOPE: VITELLINE MEMBRANE AND WHAT IS IT COMPOSED OF?
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- Composed of fibrous proteins.
- Seperates the egg from the surround cells of the ovary. |
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WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION AND ROLE OF THE FOLLICLE CELL LAYER?
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- Composed of follicle cells.
- Transport nutrients to the egg while in the ovary. *this layer is lost when the eggs leave the ovaries except in Eutherian mammals* |
