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Cards In This Set
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What are 3 ways that angiosperms are different than gymnosperms?
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1. Produce flowers and fruits for reproductive structures.
2. make up two classes, monocot and dicot.
3. double fertilization
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What are the possible postions of the ovary?
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Can be contained withhin the flower (superior), considered ancestral. Or can be contained below (inferior ovaries) which is considered derived.
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What are the possible symetry of flowers?
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Can be radial (ancestral) or bilateral (derived)
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What is pollination and how is it different from fertilzation?
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Pollination is the transfer of pollen from one plant to another.
Fertilization is the joining of male and female parts (sperm and ovule)
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What is an ovule?
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They are contained in the ovary, contain megasporangium (3 of 4 degenerate>1 goes into egg) after fertilization develops into a seed
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Summary of plant kingdom - cladogram
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At bottom - chlorophyta (green algae) > multicellular, dependent embryo >> Bryophyta (moss) > vascular tissue, exylem, phloem >> Pterophyta (ferns & horsetails) (dominant sporophytes) > seeds >> coniferophyta (naked seeds > flowers >> anthophyta
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What are 3 distinguishing features between plants and fungi?
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1. They are heterotrophs - feed by absorption.
2. made of multicellular filaments and single cells (yeast rather than roots and stems).
3. have chitin, plants have cellulose
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List four different lifestyles of fungi
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1. saprotrophs- decomposers
2. parasitic
3. predatory
4. mutual or neutral symbiont
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What is the importance of mycorrhizal association?
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Many plants and fungi are dependent on each other. fungal mycelium surround the roots of plants and grow in intercellular spaces (ectomycorrhizae) or may actually penetrate the cell walls (endmycorrhizae or arbuscular) . The mycelial mat enhances the plants ability to absorb water and minerals, and the fungi gets plant products.
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What is unique about the Phylum Glomeromycota?
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They are usually arbuscular mycorrhizae which is important for optimal plant growth
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Phylum Zygomycota
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Most are saprophytic soil fungi. Rhizopus, ave hyphae and black spherical sporangia on tips. asexual spores are being produced by them.
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What is plasmogamy and karyogamy?
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Plasmogamy is when they fuse together but nuclei remain separate.
karyogamy is when nuclei and cells fuse together
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Can Zygomycetes reproduce sexually?
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Yes, they have zygosporangium
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Phylum Ascomycota-
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Include microscopic yeasts, edible morels and truffles, small black leaf spot fungi. sexual life stages involves ascus with 8 haploid ascospores. - looked at Peziza
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Phylum Basidiomycota
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Consists of mushrooms, puffballs, bracket fungi, wheat rust, produce 4 haploid basidiospores on club shaped basidium- basidia lin the gills and hold basidiospores
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