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What is the "Normative" Perspective on DLDs?
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The characterization of an impairment based on the average of deviations in levels of ability across a group of similar people.
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What is the "Naturalist" Perspective on DLDs?
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The measuring of the impact of a language impairment on a person's ability to function in everyday society, taking into account societal values and expectations of individual behaviour.
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Give examples of a normative criterion used in DLD diagnoses.
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Chronological age expectations, overall level of cognitive ability
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Give examples of naturalist criterion used in DLD diagnoses
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Assessing difficulties in societal relationships, academic achievement, employment
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Why are both considered necessary for diagnosis?
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Naturalist perspectives can show a broad range of language behaviours across different modalities but it does not show what level intervention is needed at or decide what constitutes a language impairment. Normative perspectives take contextual, societal and individual pragmatic factors into account.
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What is "language"?
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A shared set of rules on expression shared across a group of people.
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"What is speech?"
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The spoken form of language.
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What is "communication"?
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Transferring information from a giver to a recipient.
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What are the domains of language?
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Form - Morphology, Syntax and PhonologyContent - Semantics Use - Pragmatics
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What are some common errors in form?
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Grammatical errors in tense, poor phonological awareness, errors in complex grammar, omitting past tense -ed.
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What are some common errors in content?
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Delayed acquisition of first words and phrases, restricted vocabulary, mislabeling.
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What are some common errors in use?
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Difficulties in conveying narratives, inappropriate timing, poor topic maintenance.
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