+
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
Theories that attempt to explain the natural history of a criminal career, its onset, the course it follows, its termination
|
Developmental theories
|
|
To spontaneously stop committing crime after a certain age
|
Desist
|
|
Rolf Loeber and Marc Le Blanc
|
Proposed that criminologists should spend time and effort understanding why some people stop, specialist vs. generalist criminal, etc.
|
|
Criminality is a dynamic process, inlunced by many characterisitcs, traits and experiences, and that behavior changes accordingly for better or worse over life course
|
Life-course theory
|
|
Theories reflecting the view that criminal behavior is controlled by a master trait, present at birth, and that remains stable and unchanging
|
Latent trait theories
|
|
Criminality is best understand as one of many social problems faced by at-risk youth
social = family dysfunction, unemployment, educational underachievment personal = substance abuse, suicide, sexuality environmental = high crime area, racism, poverty Linked to drug abuse, personality problems and premature death |
Problem behavior syndrome (PBS)
|
|
Rolf Loeber Pathway to Crime #1
Authority conflict pathway |
Begins with early stubborn behavior and defiance to parents
|
|
Loeber #2
Covert pathway |
Minor, underhanded behavior (lying, shopliftings) --> Leads to property damage (fires) --> serious crimes (pocket picking, larceny, etc.)
|
|
Loeber #3
Overt pathway Each pathway may lead to a sustained deviance career, some people enter 2 at once |
Escalates to aggressive ages (bullying) --> physical and gang fighting --> violence (forced theft)
|
|
Specialist
|
Theft, assault, rape
|
|
Generalist
|
Drug abuge, burgulary, rape
|
|
Typical teenagers who get into minor scrapes, rebellious behavior with friends
|
Adolesecent limited offenders
|
|
Begin offending career at very early age, continue to offend well into adulthood
|
Life-course persistors
|
|
Persisters who stay out of trouble as kids, become violent chronic persisters after late teenage years
|
Late bloomers
|
|
Models of criminal causation that weave social and individual variables into complex, explanatory chain
|
Integrated theories
|
