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Cards In This Set
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Housekeeping genes
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Genes that encode enzymes that catalyze reactions that are needed almost all the time
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Constitutive genes
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Genes that are expressed continuously
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Inducer
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Molecule that stimulates the transcription of an inducible gene either by binding and inactivating a repressor protein or by binding and activating an activator protein
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Inducible genes
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A gene whose expression can be increased by either positive or negative transcriptional control
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Repressible genes
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A gene whose level of expression can be decreased either by negative or positive transcriptional control
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Negative transcriptional control
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Occurs when the binding of the protein to DNA inhibits initiation of transcription
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Repressor proteins
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Proteins that practice negative transcriptional control
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Positive transcription control
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Occurs when the binding of the protein to DNA promotes transcription initiation
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Activator proteins
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Proteins that carry out positive transcription control
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Operator
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Region downstream of the promoter where repressor and proteins bind
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Activator binding sites
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Sites upstream of the promoter where activator proteins bind
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Operon
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Sequence of bases coding for one or more polypeptides, together with the promoter and operator or activator binding sites
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Two component signal transduction systems
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Systems that link events occurring outside the cell to gene expression inside the cell
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Sensor kinase protein
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Spans the cytoplasmic membrane so that part of it is exposed to the extracellular environment while another is exposed to the cytoplasm
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Response-regulator protein
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DNA binding protein that when activated by the sensor kinase, can act as either an activator or a repressor
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