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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Nutrients:
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Chemical
substance used by organisms for metabolism and growth
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Essential
nutrients:
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Cannot
be made by organism, must be supplied in diet
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Macronutrients:
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Required
in large amounts
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Micronutrients or
trace elements:
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•required
in much smaller amounts, important in enzyme activity
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Growth
Requirements (10):
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•Carbon
& Energy
•Nitrogen
•Oxygen
•Hydrogen
•Phosphorus
•Sulfur
•Trace
elements & Growth factors
•Temperature
•pH
•Water
(osmotic & hydrostatic pressures)
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Sources
of carbon
Autotrophs:
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Use
inorganic source of carbon (CO2)
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–Sources
of carbonHeterotrophs :
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Use
organic source of carbon (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are obtained from
other organisms)
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Sources
of energy Chemotrophs:
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Acquire
energy from aerobic respiration and fermentation
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–Sources
of energyPhototrophs:
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Acquire
energy from light
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Nitrogen
fixation :
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Conversion
of atmospheric nitrogen to a form usable by other organisms.
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•Nitrogen is needed to
.....
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Make proteins and nucleotides.
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Obligate
aerobes-
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Require
oxygen
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Obligate
anaerobes-
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Oxygen
is toxic, kills organism
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Facultative anaerobes-
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Use
both aerobic and anaerobic pathways depending on oxygen availability
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Aerotolerant anaerobes-tolerate
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Oxygen,
but use anaerobic pathways for metabolism
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