Molecular Biology: DNA Structure & Function Flashcards

This Flashcard quiz is to describe the DNA structure and function. Try out this Flashcard quiz based on DNA structure and function and check out your knowledge. These Flashcards help one to memorize the essential terms used in the DNA structure.

15 cards   |   Total Attempts: 182
  

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Cards In This Set

Front Back
What does the word "double" mean in the double helix Watson-Crick DNA model?
The "double" in the double helix means that DNA is found in a double-stranded form - 2 single-stranded chains of DNA stuck to each other via hydrogen bonding of the base pairs.
How are the 2 single-strands in the Watson-Crick model positioned?
The 2 single-strands are anti-parallel to each other. Going from 5' to 3' of one strand means going from 3' to 5' of the other strand.
What does the word "helix" mean in the double helix DNA model?
Answer 3
The "helix" in the double helix means that the entire thing is wound up in a spiral.
What is the composition of DNA?
Answer 4
The DNA comprises of purine and pyrimidine bases, sugars, phosphate
What is the composition of a nucleotide?
Nucleotide = base + sugar + phosphate = Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine.
What is the composition of a nucleoside?
Nucleoside = base + sugar = Adenosine, Guanosine, Thymidine, Cytidine.
How are bases classified?
Base can either be purines A and G (the big ones with 2 rings) or pyrimidines T and C (the small ones with 1 ring).
What gives DNA its acidity?
The phosphate group gives DNA its acidity.
Describe the base pairing specificity.
Answer 9
Base pairing specificity: A with T, G with C
How many hydrogen bonds does A form with T?
A forms 2 hydrogen bonds with T
How many hydrogen bonds does G form with C?
G forms 3 hydrogen bonds with C.
Which of the two types of bonds (AT or GC) are stronger?
GC bonds are stronger. DNA with high GC content will be harder to break apart
What type of strands of DNA hydrogen bond with each other?
Complementary strands of DNA hydrogen bond with each other.
5'-ATGC-3' will be complementary to which strand of DNA?
5'-ATGC-3' will be complementary to 5'-GCAT-3' or 3'-TACG-5', but NOT 5'-TACG-3'.
How does DNA can transmit genetic information?
Because of the complementary nature of base pairing, DNA can transmit genetic information through replication.