Natural Vegetation of India

Natural vegetation of India

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Categories of Indian Forest
1. Tropical Evergreen Forest2. Tropical deciduous or Monsoon forest3. Tropical dry forest4. Delta or Tidal forest5. Mountain forest
Tropical Evergreen Forest
1. Found in places with rainfall more than 200cms and temp 24 - 27 C
2. Different trees grow and wither at different times making the entire vegetation look like evergreen forest.
3. Dense growth of trees at varying heights competing for sunlight., large variety of species not found in pure stand.
4. Produce valuable hardwood like mahogany, rosewood, ebony, shisham, bamboos, canes
Tropical Deciduous or Monsoon forest
1. Found in places with rainfall between 100-200cms
2. trees are deciduous i.e they shed their leaves for 6-8 weeks in hot weather.
3. trees occur in pure stands and economically more important forest.
4. Main trees are sal, teak, sandalwood, khair, arjun, neem, mango ,jackfruit.
Mountain Forest
1. Found in mountainous areas of india from kashmir to assam.
2. trees range from tropical to alpine.
3. Depending on elevation and rainfall vegetation varies from mixed to deciduous to confireous
4. Silver fir, Cedar, pines, deodar, walnuts, birch and elm are found in many areas.
5. eucalyptus and pine are found in nilgiris.
Tropical dry Forest
1. Found in areas getting less than 25 cms of rain and average temp of 25-27
2. Trees found are small kikar, acacias and thorny bushes.
3. Found in rajasthan, kutch, saurashtra and parts of deccan.
4. trees have long roots, small leaves, hard thorns, and sharp spines to face dry climate and protect from wild animals.
Tidal or delta Forest
1. Special type of forest in delta regions and tidal areas.
2. Some forests are dense and impenetrable , the trunks of these trees are supported by stilted roots which are under water during high tide.
3. This tangled root system is a adaptation for survival in soft and shifting mud.
4. Found in continuos stretch along deltas of ganga, mahanadi, kaveri, krishna, godavavri and andaman.
5. Sundari, gorjan and hintal are important trees and these forest are important source of fuel wood.
What is forest conservation and why should they be conserved
Forest conservation means proper use of forest resource without causing any adverse effect on economy or environment.
Destruction of forest is an irreversible process and uses of forests , both direct and indirect are so large that forest are a index of prosperity.Since benefits from forest are so many it is important to conserve them.