New Worlds, New Forms

Dance 266 Final

New Worlds, New Forms
questions and answers

37 cards   |   Total Attempts: 182
  

Cards In This Set

Front Back
According to the writings of slave-ship Sea Captains, the Africans sold into slavery were devoid of culture and ancestry. In reality these Africans were:
· A people with rich oral history · Craftsmen, tribal leaders, musicians, etc. · An in-exhaustible supply of good men
The Transatlantic Slave Trade fell into three distinct parts: ****
  • The Procurement
  • The Middle Passage
  • The Landing and the Disposal
What is meant by “Dancing the Slaves?” ***
· The captives were forced to dance on the decks of the ships · Shackled and chained, the captives were forced to jump up and down as a form of exercise
What were the purposes of this dance?
· Exercise and health · Entertainment of the ship’s crew
The ‘Cat-o-Nine Tails’ was used for what purposes on the Slave Ships?
· The enslaved Africans were forced to dance; this dance was difficult to do while shackled and chained. · The legs of the dancers were swollen and ridden with skin disease. The whip encouraged them to move when they were near death
On the Slave Ships, what were the themes of the songs sung by the enslaved Africans?
· Sadness and misery · A longing for home and family
African dances are performed with the beat of the drum. When drums were not available on the Slave Ships substitutes were used:
· Kettles · Buckets and pots · The dancers bodies
Why were Captains of the slave-ships reluctant to tell the true horrors of the slave trade market?
· They personally owned stock in the slave trade market · European sea captains became rich and powerful through their selling of human cargo
Once ashore the abilities for the slaves to dance were given greater latitude in the Caribbean:
· French and Spanish influences provided greater freedom for the African captives. · The ritual implements of the Catholic Church
A Study in Religion and Magic - Voodoo
Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, 80% of the population lives in abject poverty. Two-thirds of all Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, mainly small-scale subsistence farming, and remain vulnerable to damage from frequent natural disasters. Haiti suffers from rampant inflation, a lack of investment, and a severe trade deficit. Inhabiting Haiti are 250 people per square mile · Highest density of population in the Western hemisphere On the island of Haiti, 7 million people live on 10,000 square miles: · A land over populated · A land that is not fertile / a land unsuitable for farming
A Lesson in History
Life in Haiti before 1697:
  • Haiti was considered the jewel of France – 2/3 of all France’s sugar, rum and tobacco were exported from Haiti
  • A plantation-based culture
  • Banned by ruling authorities, African rites and rituals were hidden by the enslaved Africans
Life in Haiti after 1804 and the Revolution · Men no longer own men – the end of slavery · The breakdown of the plantation-based culture · A decline in export – economic stagnation · New religious cults emerge · A rural country based on farming and the small family unit – the compound · The poorest country in the free-world (97% peasants) · A country cut-off from the White free world - a stasis of a society. · Administrative fickleness · Ignorance The two-sides of the Haitian reality are defined: · The urban elite · The rural peasants
Voodoo is:
· Voodoo is rural paganism seen in its true setting “the villages.” · Voodoo is African rites assimilated into the Catholic Church · The origins of Voodoo can be traced with the arrival of the first African slave. · Voodoo is seen in the lives of the illiterate versus the literate · Voodoo is an African based religion built on the conditions of slavery: · The faithful ask of their gods not so much riches and happiness but more the removal of the miseries which assail them from every quarter of their lives To study Voodoo you must examine the life and beliefs of the Haitian peasantry. Voodoo can be referred to as a “Haitian Folk Religion” · Voodoo is a complex religious system of belief · Voodoo often appears remote, bizarre and exotic to Western eyes Voodoo has: · No church · No priesthood as we know · No written word or doctrine for priest to follow Voodoo beliefs include: · A belief in spiritual possession · A belief in the role of the dead in every day life · A belief in the gods and their ties to nature
The religious beliefs and practices of Voodoo include the following:.
  • The religious leaders – Hougans and Mambos
  • The places of worship, religious rites and rituals were communal centers in the family compound
  • A belief in the gods (Loas) and their ties to nature
  • A belief in spiritual possession as form of holy communion with the divine
What was Wade David looking for in Haiti?
  • Funded by American drug companies, he was in search of the infamous ‘Zombie poison.’
The crimes against Haitian society included:
  • The demonstration of excessive material wealth
  • Slandering family members or other members of the community
  • Adultery and doing harm to another human being
  • Demonstration of greed – especially in regards to land issues