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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Who did the oceans become salty?
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Undersea volcanoes erupted spewing chemicals into the water. Lava built up land, and rain washed more chemicals into the ocean. Over time, the chemicals built up to present levels.
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How salty is the ocean water?
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On average 1 kilogram of ocean water contains 35 grams of salt. or 35 parts per thousand.
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What is salinity?
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The total amount of dissolved salts in a sample of water.
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What is table salt made of?
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Sodium chloride. Its the salt that is present in the greatest amount in ocean water.
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What happens when sodium chloride is dissolved in water?
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It separates into sodium and chloride particles called ions. Other salts, such as magnesium chloride forms ions in water the same way.
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How much of the oceans ions are made up of sodium and chloride?
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86%
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In addition to sodium and chloride ions, what other ions does the ocean contain?
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Magnesium, calcium, and other substances that organisms need to survive such as nitrogen and phosphorus.
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What is ocean water made up of?
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Water 96.4%, dissolved salt 3.5%,
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What are the most common salt ions in the ocean?
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Sodium 30.6%, chloride 55%, sulfate 7.7 %, magnesium 3.7%, calcium 1.2%, potassium 1.1%
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How do you calculate the density of a substance?
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Divide the mass of the substance by its volumeOne liter of ocean water has a mass of 1.03 kg. Its density is 1.03 kg per liter.
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What is the salinity of most of the ocean?
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Most parts of the ocean have a salinity of between 34 and 37 parts per thousand.
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Is the surface of the ocean more or less saline?
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Less. Rain snow, and melting ice, and rivers add fresh water which lowers salinity.
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What increases salinity?
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Evaporation increases salinity because when water evaporates, the salt is left behind as water evaporates. That is why the Red Sea has higher salinity - it's hot and dry near the red sea which increases evaporation.
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How does cold affect salinity?
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It increases salinity. When water freezes into ice, the salt is left behind in the remaining water.
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How does salinity affect the ocean water?
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Salinity acts as an anti-freeze by interfering with the formation of ice crystals. Ocean water freezes at -1.9 degrees centigrade.
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