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What is an opioid?
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Any drug that has actions similar to morphine?
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What is an opiate?
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Applies only to compounds present in opium (morphine, codeine)
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What respond to activation of mu receptors?
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Analgesia, respiratory depression, eupohria, and sedation.
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What are the classification(s) of drugs that act at opioid receptors?
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Pure Opioid Agonists, Agonist-Antagonist Opioids, and Pure Opioid Antagonists
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What is a pure opioid agonist?
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Activate mu and kappa receptors, producing analgesia, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depresion, physical dependence, constipation and other effects.
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What is an Agonist-Antagonist Opioid?
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Acts as an antagonist on the mu receptor, acts as an agonist on kappa receptors
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T/F: given alone, the agonist-antagonist opioid DOES NOT produce analgesia
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FALSE
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T/F: if a patient is on a pure opioid agonist and a agonist-antagonist opioid is administered, there will be an antagonistic effect
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TRUE
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What is the prototype of strong pure opioid agonists?
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Morphine
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What is the prototype of moderate to strong pure opioid agonists?
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Codeine
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What are the four agonist-antagonist opioids that are available?
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Pentazocine, nalbuphine, butorphanol, and buprenorphine.
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What is the prototype of the agonist-antagonist opioids?
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Pentazocine
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What is a pure opioid antagonist?
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Act against mu and kappa receptors. do not produce analgesia or any of the other effects caused by opioid agoinsts.
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What is the primary reason that a pure opioid antagonist may be used?
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To reverse respiratory and CNS depression that is caused by overdose with opioid agonists.
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What is the prototype of pure opioid antagonists?
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Naloxone
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