Organic Functional Groups

a saturated hydrocarbon, consists only of hydrogen and carbon atoms, All bonds are single bonds, They have the general formula CnH2n+2, when naming use suffix -ane

An unsaturated hydrocarbon, contains a double bond between two carbons, they have the general formula CnH2n, when naming use suffix -ene

Triple bond between two carbon atoms, they have the general formula CnH2n- 2, when naming use suffix -yne, an unsaturated hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbons in which the 2 ends of the chain are attached at the ends to form a ring They are either saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons

Belongs to the hydroxyl functional group, contains an oxygen and hydrogen, represented as -OH ( or HO-) within a molecule, when naming use suffix -ol

Belongs to the carbonyl functional group, contains a carbon double bonded to an oxygen and singly bonded to a hydrogen

Belongs to the carbonyl functional group, contains a carbon double bonded to an oxygen

Belongs to the alkoxy functional group, an oxygen between two carbons

Consists of a carbonyl functional group (C=O) adjacent to an ether linkage (oxygen between 2 carbons).

The R in the general form is typically an alkyl group (chain of carbons) with a halogen replacing one of the hydrogens.

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made up of only the elements carbon and hydrogen. Two types are saturated and unsaturated,

Saturated means that the hydrocarbon has only single bonds and that the hydrocarbon contains the maximum number of hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom.

Unsaturated means that the hydrocarbon contains one or more double or triple bonds.

The study of organic compounds that contains mainly carbon atoms

contain carbon and hydrogen, often combined with a few other elements.