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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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What is the 2 layers of the skin?
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Epidermis: stratified squamous outer layer
Dermis: collagen, elastin, hair follicles,, sweat glands, SQ , nerves |
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What are the 2 types of miccroorganisms found on the skin?
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Transient Bacteria
Resident |
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What is transient bacteria?
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Llimited to the exposed areas of skin and easily removed by mechanical cleansing
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What is resident microorganism?
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Inhabit the deep structures of the dermis, glands, and hair follicles
forced to surface by sweetingand secretion sweet is acidic Requires chemical agents to eliminate them |
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Name 3 goals of surgical skin prep?
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*To remove soil and transient microorganisms from the skin
*To reduce the resident microbial count to below pathogenic levels in a short period of time and with the least possible tissue irritation *To inhibit rapid rebound growth of microorganisms |
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Name 6 characteristics of antimicrobial agents?
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1)Broad spectrum
2)High log reduction capability 3)Persistency 4)Non-irritating 5)Non-toxic 6)Fast acting |
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Name 5 commonly used antimicrobial agents?
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1) Chlorhexidine gluconate(CHG)
2)Povidone-Iodine 3)Alcohol 4)Parachlorometaxylenol 5)Catonic phenolic mixture |
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CHG?
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Chlorhexidine gluconate, for pt with allergies to iodine, contains OH
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CHG composition?
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Available in 2% and 4%
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What is the 2% CHG considered?
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Bacteriostatic
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What is the 4% CHG considered?
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Bactericidal
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Describe the persistent of CHG?
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Microbial growth is inhibited for up to 24 hours after application
has residual bacterial activity up to 48 hr |
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Describe CHG indications?
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designed for topical application only
DO NOT USE above the neck (corneal damage) and ears (toxicity) DO NOT MAKE CONTACT with BRAIN (toxic to nerve tissue) DO NOT USE FOR VAGINAL membrane prep |
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Povidone-Iodine?
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Iodine complex antimicrobial agents
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Iodophors?
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Complex of iodine and an organic carrier
Also come as a thick, viscous gel used as a one-step application prep Film forming iodophor preparations are a combination of iodophor and OH and film should dry and left on skin or remove postop with remover lotions or OH saturated gauze. |
