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Related Flashcards
Related Topics
Cards In This Set
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What Constitutes an Ideal Contraceptive?
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-easy to use, economical, safe, not controversial, highly affective, high patient acceptance
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Estrogen Progestin Preps and Mechanism of Action
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-fixed dose of hormone, taken day 5 to 25 of cycle, sometimes taken continually-inhibits release of GN/RH from hypothalamus- no ovulation- Progestin alters secretion of endocervical glands which thickens mucus-inappropriate endometrium
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Estrogen-Varying Progestin and Mechanism
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-start with low dose progestin and increase throughout cycle- phasic estrogen-progestin-mechanism same as with estrogen-progestin
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Low Dose Progestin and Mechanism
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-progestin taken daily-suppress GN/RH -no ovulation-alters endometrium and secretion of endocervical glands
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Contraceptive Patch
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-transdermal system- 20mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 150mcg/day of norlestromin-patch applied for 3 cycles of 7 days each- every menstrual cycle or 28 days use 3 patches
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Norplant and Problems
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-Progestin in a silastic tube- slow release of drug-problems: acne, weight gain, anxiety, breakthrough bleeding, headache, breast discharge
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Depoprovera
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-progestin injected
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Problems with Low Dose Progestin
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-break through bleeding (25% in first cycle)-2% failure rate-increase low density lipoproteins
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Mild Adverse Effects of Progestin-Estrogen
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-acne (progestin), weight gain, increased skin pigmentation, headache, nausea, decreased libido, decreased menstral flow, hirsutism (progestin), more suseptible to uterine and vaginal infections, absence of menstraul period, increased glucose tolerance
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Serious Adverse Effects of Progestin-Estrogen
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-thromboembolic disease (increased risk of blood clots), myocardial infaract (increased risk of obesity), Cerebrovascular disease, hypertension
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Mifepristrone
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RU 486-blocks progesterone for its receptor in the endometrium- can be used in inducing abortions
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Post-Coital Contraceptives
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-large dose of estrogen or progestin after sexual intercourse- no later than 72 hours-damages implantation site- nausea-preven(progestin/estrogen), plan b(progestin)
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IUD and Problems
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-introduced into the uterus, irritates implantation site,may cause uterine contractions because of presence of a foreign object- some have drugs slowly released-problems: heavy menstraul flow, discomfort, spontaneous expulsion (10-15%), uterine infections
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Diaphragm and Problems
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-placed over cervial opening before sex and will stay in place 6 to 8 hours afterwards-problems: high preggo rate, use with spermicide
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Spermicides
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-used with condoms and diaphragms- designed to kill sperm in the vaginal canal- long chain of alcohols that disrupt membranes of sperms
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