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Cards In This Set
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What is malaria form that is created in the liver and then leaves to infect in the blood to infect other cells?
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Merozoites.
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Which malaria species can remain in the liver as hypnozoites in a dormant state?
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P. ovale and P. vivax
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Put these in order of progression: merozoite, schizont, hypnozoite, sporozoite, trophozoite.
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Mosquito bite---sporozoites in blood, travel to liver----form trophozoite, then replication----form schizont----form merozoites----leave liver to infect or stay in liver dormantly as hypnozoites.
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What causes the fever cycles in Malaria?
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Lysis of RBCs every so hours.
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What is the cycle for P.falciparum? P.ovale? P.vivax? P.malariae?
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P.falciparum = erratic, but usually 36-48 hours. P.vivax & P.ovale = 48 hours (tertian), P. malariae = 72 hours
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What is the difference btwn Relapse and Recrudence of Malaria?
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Relapse is due to the hypnozoites in dormant stage in liver activating. Recrudence means you always had parasites in all blood, but in very low #s to have symptoms, but now immunity is down so you have it.
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What is the DX for malaria?
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Blood smear - you can see the trophozoites and schizonts in the RBCs.
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What organ systems will be affected by P. falciparum?
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Spleen, Kidneys, Liver, lung capillaries, heart, GI, Brain.
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What is the most serious manifestation of P. falciparum?
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Cerebral Malaria - extensive plugging of brain vessels by the parasitized RBCs.
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What is the transmission vector for Babesia?
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Lyme disease ticks (Ixodes scapularis)
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What is the difference btwn Babesiosis and Malaria?
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Babesia is a hemorrhagic fever just like malaria, but with NO cycles or periodicity. There is NO liver invasion in Babesiosis.
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Where are you most likely to find Babesia in the US?
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NE - nantucket island, Martha's Vineyard
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What drug is used to treat relapses of malaria due to P.ovale and P.vivax?
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Primaquinie.
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What is the treatment for P. falciparum in Africa?
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Africa = chloroquine-resistant area. Give Doxycyline/Clindamycin + Quinine/Artemesinin Derivative
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What is "Malarone" and what is it used for?
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Malarone = Atovaquone + Proguanil. Used as Prophylaxis in the chloroquine-resistant areas.
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