PS 101 Exam 1

Early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements

An early psychological approach that emphasized the function or purpose of behavior and consciousness

A theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy, originally formulated by Freud that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts

Focuses on how bodily events affect behavior, feelings and thoughts

Nervous system, hormones, brain chemistry, heredity, evolutionary influences

Concerned with how the environment and experience affect a person's (or a nonhuman animal's) actions

Environment and experience, environmental determinants of observable behavior, environmental influences, observation and imitation, beliefs and values

Emphasized what goes on in people's heads-how people reason, remember, understand language, solve problems, explain experiences, acquire moral standards, and form beliefs

Thinking, memory, language, problem solving, perceptions

Focuses on social and cultural forces outside the individual, forces that shape every aspect of behavior, from how we kiss to what and where we eat

Social and cultural contexts, social rules and roles, groups, relationships, cultural norms, values, and expectations

Deals with unconscious dynamics within the individual such as inner forces, conflicts, or instinctual energy

Unconscious thoughts, desires, conflicts

1. Observation
2. Formulating hypothesis and predictions
3. Testing through empirical research
4. Drawing Conclusions
5. Evaluating Conclusions

It is very important to operationally define how your variable will be measured. A variable is anything that can be measured. By establishing an operational definition, you eliminate any grey areas that may arise when thinking about a problem.