Psychology Chapter 2

Personal stories about specific incidents and experiences.

An in-depth investigation of an individual subject.

A condition that exists whenever two variables are linked together in a way that makes it difficult to sort out their independent effects.

Subjects in a study who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group.

The extent to which two variables are related to each other.

A numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables.

Procedures for making empirical observations and measurements.

In an experiment, the variable that is thought to be affected by the manipulation of the independent variable.

Statistics that are used to organize and summarize data.

A research strategy in which neither subjects nor experimenters know which subjects are in the experimental or control groups.

A research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result.

The subjects in a study who receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.

A phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained.

Any variables other than the independent variable that seem likely to influence the dependent variable in a specific study.

A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables.