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RECALL: Simple spirometry can be used to measure all of the following except: A. Vital capacityB. Residual volumeC. Tidal volumeD. Inspiratory reserve volume
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B. Residual volume Reference: (I. C. 23.)
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APPLICATION A patient presents to the emergency room with a depressed level of consciousnessand is severely agitated. Which of the following approaches can be used to obtaintheir medication history? A. Obtain and review the patient’s past medical historyB. Ask the patient’s nurse about the patient’s prescriptionsC. Request that the lab run a comprehensive blood drug screenD. Obtain the patient’s current prescription vials from the family
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D. Obtain the patient’s current prescription vials from the family Reference: (I. A. 1.)
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ANALYSIS Which of the following ABG results would you most likely see for a patient who ishaving a mild asthma attack? A. pH = 7.30 PCO2 = 49 torr PO2 = 61 torrB. pH = 7.41 PCO2 = 51 torr PO2 = 51 torrC. pH = 7.46 PCO2 = 31 torr PO2 = 61 torrD. pH = 7.45 PCO2 = 42 torr PO2 = 52 torr
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C. pH = 7.46 PCO2 = 31 torr PO2 = 61 torr Reference: (I. A. 5.)
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RECALL What is the gold standard for monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP)? A. Intraparenchymal probeB. Subarachnoid boltC. Intraventricular catheterD. Epidural sensor
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C. Intraventricular catheter Reference: (I. A. 13.)
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APPLICATION A patient has an arterial pH of 7.28. What effect does this have on oxygentransport? A. Hemoglobin’s affinity for O2 will be higher than normalB. For a given PO2, the SaO2 will be less than normalC. The oxyhemoglobin saturation curve will shift to the leftD. For a given PO2, the SaO2 will be greater than normal
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B. For a given PO2, the SaO2 will be less than normal Reference: (I. A. 11.)
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APPLICATION An ECG on a 48-year-old patient with exertional dyspnea reveals high velocitytricuspid regurgitation, a dilated right ventricle, and an enlarged right atrium. Leftventricular anatomy and systolic/diastolic function are normal. Which of thefollowing is the most likely problem? A. Pulmonary arterial hypertensionB. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathyC. Acute respiratory distress syndromeD. Congestive heart failure
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A. Pulmonary arterial hypertension Reference: (I. A. 14.)
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APPLICATION A trauma patient is admitted to intensive care unit with an expanding subduralhematoma. Which of the following changes would you expect to see in themonitored intracranial pressure? A. Decreased P2 waveform componentB. Decreased ICP waveform amplitudeC. Loss of clear P1 waveform componentD. Decreased mean intracranial pressure
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C. Loss of clear P1 waveform component Reference: (I. A. 13.)
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APPLICATION After obtaining a medication history from a patient admitted for asthma, whichof the following information would you consider least important? A. Frequency of rescue inhaler usageB. Use of generic vs. brand name medicationsC. Patient understanding of controllers vs. relieversD. Self-administration techniques
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B. Use of generic vs. brand name medications Reference: (I. A. 1.)
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ANALYSIS When assisting a doctor with a transthoracic ultrasound exam, you observe gliding or shimmering of the pleural layer while the patient is breathing. Thisobservation: A. Is consistent with the interstitial syndromeB. Rules out an underlying pneumothoraxC. Indicates the presence of pleural adhesionsD. Confirms an underlying pneumothorax
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B. Rules out an underlying pneumothorax Reference: (I. A. 9.)
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APPLICATION What section of a patient’s chart should you view to understand any important cultural or religious influences on the provision of care? A. Social historyB. Advance directivesC. Family disease historyD. Chief complaint
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A. Social history Reference: (I. A. 1.)
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ANALYSIS A 57-year-old patient has been smoking 1.5 packs of cigarettes per day for 30years. Her smoking history would be recorded as: A. 15 pack-yearsB. 30 pack-yearsC. 45 pack-yearsD. 60 pack-years
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C. 45 pack-years Reference: (I. B. 1.)
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ANALYSIS You are called to evaluate a patient in the recovery room following anexploratory laparotomy. The patient appears to be asleep. Her respiratory rate is15/min and heart rate is 83/min. To determine the patient’s level ofconsciousness, you speak to the patient, and she does not respond. Which of thefollowing should you do first? A. Wait 1 hour and then repeat the attemptB. Shake the patient’s arm gentlyC. Call for helpD. Administer a sternal rub
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B. Shake the patient’s arm gently Reference: (I. B. 2.)
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RECALL A patient has the following blood results: pH 7.52, PaCO2 28 torr, PaO2 83 torr, HCO3 23 mEq/l, BE -1. What is the blood gas results indicate? A. Acute hypoxemic failureB. Respiratory acidosis with hypoxemiaC. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosisD. Hyperchloremic metabolic alkalosis
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C. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis Reference: (I. D. 6.)
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ANALYSIS A female complains of left-sided chest pain while receiving mechanical ventilation. After inspection, palpation, and auscultation you note tachypnea, a weak pulse, tracheal deviation to the right, and decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance on the left. Which of the following would you recommend? A. Chest tube insertionB. ThroracentesisC. SuctioningD. Bronchoscopy
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 A. Chest tube insertion Reference: (III. H. 5.) |
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APPLICATION Normal vital capacity for a female patient who is five feet three inches tall and weighs fifty kilograms would be approximate: A. 2500 mlB. 3500 mlC. 4500 mlD. 5500 ml
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B. 3500 ml Reference: (I. D. 4.)
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