Reptiles and Amphibians

Tailed salamanders; elongate most with four limbs. Have paedomorphosis and reduced lungs

Hellbenders-no external gills in adults; lungs present. All progenic and permanently aquatic

Mole salamanders- lungs present in adults; gills present in neotenic forms. Tiger salamander and long-toed salamander in Alberta. Neoteny occurs

Newts- stout bodies, lungs only in adults. 2 metamorphic stages (aquatic larvae to terrestrial efts to aquatic newts) some lost eft stage

Mudpuppies-posses lungs and external gills as adults. Neoteny, all aquatic

Lungless salamanders-lack lungs and gills as adults. Lower jaw immovable, tongue protrudes, terrestrial, adapted for life in caves

Amphiumas-elongate, posses lungs and lack functional gills, limbs reduced

Sirens-elongate, posses gills and lungs at maturity. Hind limbs absent, front limbs reduced all progenic and aquatic

Tailless frogs and toads

Tongueless aquatic frogs-dorsoventrally flattened, thick waists, heavy legs and large webbed hind feet.

True frogs-moderately streamlined with pointed head, slim body, webbed hind feet, well-devel. hind limbs specialized for jumping (saltatory locomotion). Tongues attached anteriorly, large forward facing eyes, semi-aquatic

3 frogs to know

True toads-stout bodies with large parotid glands behind eyes. Tongue attached anteriorly, horizontal pupils

2 toads to know

Spadefoot toads-crescent shaped horny projections on side of foot used for digging