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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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What are the types of Rickettsial Infections?
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Typhus Group
Spotted Fever Group Q Fever Trench Fever Ehrlichiosis |
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What diseases are included in the Typhus group?
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Scrub typhus - orientia tsutsugamushi
Epidemic Typhus Endemic / Murine Typhus |
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What is the other name for trench fever?
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Bartonella Quintana
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What are the borders for the triangular area where scrub Typhus is found?
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Japan, Pakistan, Queensland, Vanuatu, Solomans
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What is the vector for scrub typhus?
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Larval stage of trombiculid mites (Chigger)
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Describe an eschar and where is it found?
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1cm diameter frequently located in boot-top, groin, axilla
or without a crust and looks like an ulcer in moist regions. |
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What are the common symptoms of scrub typhus?
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PUO; 7-21 days; maculopapular blanching rash Day 5;
eschar; lymphadenopathy; splenomegaly |
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What are the life-threatning complications of Scrub Typhus?
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Perivasculitis: vascular collapse, cerebral infarction
Secondary bacterial pneumonia |
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How do you diagnose scrub typhus?
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Weil-Felix test
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What is the Weil-Felix test?
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Heterophile agglutination of Proteus strains with serum that
contains antirickettsial antibody. (poor sensitivity / specificity) |
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How do you treat Scrub Typhus?
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Doxycycline / Tetracycline
Rickettsiostatic High relapse if treatment stopped too soon |
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How do you prevent Scrub Typhus?
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Avoidance of endemic area
Avoid secondary vegetation Avoid biting times Anti-mite repellants : Dibutyl phthalate Vegetation control Insecticides Vaccines - not available yet b/c of multiple serotypes Chemoprophylaxis : chloramphenicol; Doxycycline |
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What is the zoonotic tetrad for Scrub Typhus?
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1. rats
2. chiggers 3. secondary vegetation 4. rickettsia |
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What are main epidemiological concepts for Scrub Typhus?
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1. high rate of attack
2. terrain is limited to secondary vegetation 3. distribution further localised to mite islands 4. no human / human spread 5. tropical / subtropical endemicity 6. transovarial transmission (mite is reservoir and vector) 7. humans are accidental hosts |
