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The exam consists of material on:
Chapter 5: The Implementation Stage Chapter 6: Inclusive Approaches to Policy-Making Chapter 7: Influencing Policy From Outside the System Chapter 8: Chalk & Cheese (Feminism) Chapter 10: Policy-Making in Aboriginal Child and Family Services. |
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Chapter 5: The Implementation Stage
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-This is the stage of policy making where policy and practice become inseparable.
-Practitioners or front line workers are integral in a policy's implementation. |
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Practitioners or front line workers have a variety of options for influencing a policy:
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1) They can implement the policy as intended
2)They can enhance benefits for service users within their span of control. 3) Resist policy implementation through non-compliance or other means. |
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Clearance Points:
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Policies encounter crucial junctures where opportunities exist to alter direction. The longer the chain from head to field offices, the vaguer the statement of policy objectives.
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Top-Down Approach
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An approach to implementation where head office takes charge of the process and proceeds down to field offices or front line staff.
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Bottom-up or Backwards Mapping
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Policy making as starting at the source of the problem, those most affected such as service users and practitioners and emanate up to the top or head offices.
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Two Variables of Effective Implementation:
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The Capacities and commitment of practitioners
The Centralization of power within the head office (The greater distance between head & field offices, the greater autonomy of the latter) |
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Chapter 6: Inclusive Approaches to Policy-Making
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There are benefits and risks to inclusive models of policy-making Risks:
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- Does not ultimately guarantee inclusive or social justice frameworks
-Those with more power may still exercise control ---------In centralized policy making there is a lack of voice (Tokenism) |
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There are benefits and risks to inclusive models of policy-making Benefits:
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- Respect for Principle of Affected Interests
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Vertical-Slice Approach
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An inclusive approach to policy making consisting of gathering input from representatives of all levels within an organization. (May include service users)
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4 Approaches or Models to Inclusive Policy-Making
1) Backward Mapping: 2) Shared Decision-Making Model 3) Policy Communities 4) Community Governance |
Get your head into this, focus!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
In-depth view of the three key models... |
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Backward Mapping:
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Starting from the source of the problem, or those who experience it foremost. Checking with affected to make sure the policy reflects their views and interests.
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Shared Decision Making:
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Inclusive approach to take into account the views of those strongly opposed to the project
-Round table discussions with a moderator -Meant to clear up each groups misconceptions of the other |
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Policy Communities:
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Loosely knit groups of individuals with interest in a policy area. -Can include politicians, civil servants and community agency representatives. Policy Communities in financially grounded sectors such as logging and oil development have more say than others
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