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Cards In This Set
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Parts of the Skeletal System
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Bones, joints, cartilages, ligaments
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Two divisions of the Skeletal System.
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Axial & appendicular
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Functions of the bones
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1) support of the body2) protection of soft organs3) movement due to attached skeletal muscles4) storage of minerals and fats5) blood cell formation
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How many bones are in an adult skeleton?
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206
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Two basic types of bone tissue.
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1) Compact Bone2) Spongey Bone
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Compact Bone
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Homogenous
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Spongey Bone
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Small, needle-like pieces of bone; many open spaces
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Bone classification
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1) long2) short3) flat4) irregular5) sesamoid
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Long bone
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Longer than wide; shaft with heads at both ends; contain mostly compact bone (Ex. femur, humerous)
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Short bone
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Generally cube-shaped;; equal lengths and widths; contain mostly spongey bone (Ex. carpals, tarsals)
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Flat bone
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Platelike structures with broad surfaces; thin & flattened; usually curved; thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongey (Ex. skull, ribs, sternum)
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Irregular bone
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Variety of shapes; irregular shape; usually connected to several other bones; do not fit into other bone classification categories (Ex. vertebrae, hip)
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Sesamoid bone
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Usually small & nodules; embedded in tendons adjacent to joints, where the tendons are compressed (Ex. knee, wrists, thumbs)
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Structure of long bone..
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1) Articular Cartilage2) Periosteum3) Arteries
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Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone.
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1) Diaphysis: shaft; composed of compact bone2) Epiphysis: ends of the bone; composed mostly of spongey bone
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