B1 Cell Biology Flashcards

​Learn, study, and revise B1 Cell Biology with our flashcards quizzes. In the course, learn and change B1 Cell Biology with our quiz based flashcards. This flashcard is simple and easy to use and is more fun-oriented.

71 cards   |   Total Attempts: 184
  

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Cards In This Set

Front Back
What are living things made of?
Cells
What is a eukaryotic cell?
Any cell or organism that contains their genetic material (DNA) in a nucleus.
Give 4 examples of eukaryotic cells?
  1. Plants
  2. Animals
  3. Fungi
  4. Protists
Give two examples of prokaryotes.
Their genetic material consists of a single loop of DNA. They may also have small rings of called plasmids.Bacterial cells also have:
  1. A cell wall
  2. Cytoplasm
  3. Cell membrane
What is a prokaryotic cell?
Any cell or organism that doesn't contain a genetic material (DNA) in the nucleus.
What are the different parts of a cell called?
Subcellular structures
Question 7
On the diagram, label:
  • The subcellular structures of an animal cell
  • Explain each subcellular structure
In order of arrows on diagram
  1. Nucleus- Enclose the genetic material
  2. Cytoplasm- Gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical changes.
  3. Cell membrane- Holds the cell together and controls the molecules that can enter and leave the cell.
  4. Mitochondria- Where aerobic respiration takes place.
  5. Ribosomes- These are where proteins are made in the cell.
Question 8
On the diagram, label:
  • The subcellular structures of a plant cell
  • Explain each subcellular structure
In order of arrows on diagram
  1. Rigid cell wall- Made of cellulose. It supports the cell and strengthens it.
  2. Permanent vacuole- Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.
  3. Chloroplasts- Where photosynthesis occurs. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis.
Question 9
On the diagram, label:
  • The subcellular structures of a bacterial cell
  • Explain each subcellular structure
In order of arrows from left to right:
  1. Bacteria- Don't have chloroplasts or mitochondria.
  2. Cytoplasm
  3. Cell Membrane
  4. Cell Wall
  5. Singular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
  6. One or more small rings of DNA called plasma.
What are microscopes used for?
To study cells
What are light microscopes?
Light microscopes allow us to magnify things we can't see with the naked eye and to make important discoveries about the structures inside cells, e.g. nucleus.
What are the disadvantages of a light microscope?
  • Limited magnification- The magnified image can only be seen at a limited magnification.
  • Limited resolution- The image is blurred and when the image is magnified, the blur can still be seen.
What are electron microscopes?
Use electrons instead of light to form an image.
What are the advantages of an electron microscope?
  • Greater magnification than light microscopes.
  • Greater resolution than light microscopes.
How can the magnification of a microscope be calculated?
Answer 15
Magnification = Image size/Actual sizeThe image size and the actual size have the same units.